Table 3.

Antivirals Recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for the Treatment and Prophylaxis of Influenza A and B

Antiviral	Treatment		Prophylaxis		Limitations
	Indication/usage	Dose	Indication/usage	Dose
Polymerase acidic endonuclease inhibitor
Baloxavir75	•≥12 y (uncomplicated influenza; symptomatic for ≤2 d) •Otherwise healthy •High risk for influenza complications	Tablets: •Less than 80 kg: one 40-mg tablet •At least 80 kg: one 80- mg tablet Oral suspension: •Less than 80 kg: 40 mg/20 mL (1 bottle) taken as a single dose •At least 80 kg: 80 mg/40 mL (2 bottles) taken as a single dose	•Postexposure prophylaxis of influenza in patients ≥12 y following contact with an individual who has influenza	Tablets: •Less than 80 kg: one 40-mg tablet •At least 80 kg: one 80-mg tablet Oral suspension: •Less than 80 kg: 40 mg/20 mL (1 bottle) taken as a single dose •At least 80 kg: 80 mg/40 mL (2 bottles) taken as a single dose	•Consider available information on drug susceptibility patterns for circulating influenza virus strains when deciding whether to use
Neuraminidase inhibitors
Oseltamivir66	•≥2 y (uncomplicated influenza; symptomatic for ≤2 d)	•Adults and adolescents (≥13 y): 75 mg twice daily orally for 5 d •Pediatric patients (1-12 y): based on weight twice daily for 5 d •Pediatric patients (2 wk to <1 y): 3 mg/kg twice daily for 5 d	•≥1 y	•Adults and adolescents (>13 y): 75 mg once daily for ≥10 d •Community outbreak: 75 mg once daily for ≤6 wk •Pediatric patients (1-12 y): based on weight once daily for 10 d •Community outbreak: based on weight once daily for ≤6 wk	•Efficacy not established in patients who begin therapy after 48 h of symptoms
Peramivir76	•≥2 y	•Adults and adolescents (≥13 y): 600 mg IV (≤2 d of symptom onset) •Pediatric patients (2-12 y): 12 mg/kg IV (≤2 d of symptom onset; up to 600 mg)	• Not recommended		•Limited data in influenza B •Efficacy could not be established in serious influenza requiring hospitalization
Zanamivir77	•≥7 y (symptomatic for ≤2 d)	•10 mg inhaled twice daily for 5 d	•≥5 y	•Household contact: 10 mg inhaled once daily for 10 d •Community outbreak: 10 mg inhaled once daily for 28 d	•Underlying respiratory disease (eg, asthma, COPD)

COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; IV, intravenous.