Fig. 1.

Proposed Associations of Trait If-Then Planning, Self-Control, and Boredom with the Adherence to Social Distancing Guidelines. Trait boredom is assumed to decrease adherence by making adherence more difficult (i.e., a mediated effect) without directly affecting adherence. In contrast, trait self-control and trait if-then planning are assumed to increase adherence directly and to mitigate negative effects of difficulty on adherence (i.e., moderated effects). These ideas reflect current theorizing on the role of boredom and self-control for goal pursuit (Wolff & Martarelli, 2020) and are directly derived from empirical research focusing on social distancing (Wolff et al., 2020). The figure shows relationships between trait variables; because the if-the planning intervention could affect difficulty and/or adherence at T2, we tested these relationships while statistically accounting for potential intervention effects