Figure 1. Scheme of animal use, experiments and corresponding figures.

The initial number of animal assigned for sham was 4–6/group, and for GCI was 5–7/group. In the sham group, no animal was excluded. In the GCI group, about 10% of mice failed to meet the criteria of successful GCI surgery by showing dilated pupil, and loss of righting reflex for at least 1 minutes after incision closure, or experienced seizure, severe bleeding during surgery were excluded from further analysis. 2 animals in the GCI group experienced weight loss over 15% of the original body weight during the first 3 days after surgery were excluded.