Appendix IV. Multi-Method Quality Assessment Table.
Both the qualitative and quantitative quality assessment questions were used for multi-method studies. Higher scores reflect less risk of bias in the study design and analysis.
| Author/ Citation | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | Q6 | Q7 | Q8 | Q9 | Q10 | Q11 | Q12 | Q13 | Q14 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | Q6 | Q7 | Q8 | Q9 | Q10 | Total score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Freeman [65] | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | NA | NA | NA | 1 | NA | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0.60 |
| Havermans [50] | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | NA | NA | NA | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0.86 |
| Kobayashi [1] | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | NA | NA | NA | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0.93 |
| Oberoi [73] | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | NA | NA | NA | 2 | NA | 2 | NA | NA | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0.92 |
| Packman [45] | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | NA | NA | NA | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0.81 |
| Patterson [52] | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | NA | NA | NA | 2 | 2 | 2 | NA | NA | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0.87 |
| Sjoberg [30] | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0.81 |
| Visočnik [58] | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | NA | NA | NA | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.62 |
| Wang [39] | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | NA | NA | NA | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0.90 |
| Yu [14] | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | NA | NA | NA | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0.86 |