Table 3.
Predictors of future HF hospitalizations.
| Variables | Model 0 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Biomarkers | ||||||||
| a-FABP (ng/ml) | 1.015 (1.009–1.020) | < 0.001 | 1.049 (1.006–1.018) | < 0.001 | 1.010 (1.000–1.019) | 0.04 | 1.010 (1.001–1.019) | 0.04 |
| BNP (pg/ml) | 1.002 (1.001–1.003) | < 0.001 | 1.002 (1.001–1.003) | < 0.001 | 1.002 (1.000–1.003) | 0.01 | 1.002 (1.000–1.003) | 0.01 |
| Hemodynamic information | ||||||||
| CSP (mmHg) | 1.022 (1.012–1.033) | < 0.001 | 1.019 (1.009–1.030) | < 0.001 | 1.016 (1.005–1.027) | 0.004 | 1.016 (1.005–1.027) | 0.005 |
| CDP mmHg) | 1.019 (0.997–1.037) | 0.087 | 1.025 (1.004–1.047) | 0.02 | 1.023 (1.000–1.047) | 0.046 | 1.025 (1.001–1.049) | 0.04 |
| CPP (mmHg) | 1.029 (1.016–1.042) | < 0.001 | 1.023 (1.009–1.037) | 0.001 | 1.019 (1.005–1.034) | 0.01 | 1.019 (1.004–1.034) | 0.01 |
Variables with a p values < 0.10 in Model 0 were selected into Model 1–Model 3 for evaluating adjusted effects.
Model 0: Crude effect; Model 1: Adjusted for age, gender; Model 2: Model 1 plus body mass index (BMI), hypertension (yes/no), diabetes mellitus (yes/no), coronary artery disease (yes/no), stroke (yes/no), renal function (eGFR), left ventricular mass index; Model 3: Model 2 plus hyperlipidemia and active smoking status (yes/no).
CI, confidence interval; HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; HR, hazard ratio; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; a-FABP, adipocyte free fatty acid binding protein; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; CSP, central systolic pressure; CDP, central diastolic pressure; CPP, central pulse pressure.