Table 2.
Echocardiographic characteristics of asymptomatic and symptomatic obstructive HC patients
| Echocardiographic variables | Asymptomatic (n = 60) | Symptomatic (n = 127) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Septal wall thickness (mm) | 18 [16–20] | 18 [16–20] | 0.69 |
| Posterior wall thickness (mm) | 11 [10–13] | 11 [10–12] | 0.27 |
| Septal/posterior wall ratio | 1.6 [1.3–1.9] | 1.6 [1.3–1.9] | 0.23 |
| Left atrial diameter (mm) | 46 ± 7 | 47 ± 7 | 0.30 |
| LV end-diastolic diameter (mm) | 45 ± 6 | 45 ± 5 | 0.77 |
| LVOT diameter (mm) | 23 [20–24] | 20 [19–22] | < 0.001 |
| Aortic annulus diameter (mm) | 22 [20–24] | 20 [18–22] | 0.002 |
| Mitral valve regurgitation | |||
| No/trace | 15 (25%) | 10 (8%) | 0.006 |
| Mild/moderate | 40 (67%) | 106 (84%) | |
| Severe | 5 (8%) | 10 (8%) | |
| Preserved LV ejection fraction* | 56 (97%) | 107 (89%) | 0.15 |
| Normal LV diastolic function* | 14 (25%) | 13 (11%) | 0.02 |
| RV systolic pressure (mmHg) | 28 [26–37] | 30 [28–39] | 0.58 |
| TAPSE (mm) | 22 ± 2 | 24 ± 5 | 0.32 |
| E/e′ ratio | 13.2 [10.6–16.7] | 18.3 [14.0–22.4] | < 0.001 |
| Peak velocity, rest (cm s−1) | 320 ± 132 | 391 ± 110 | 0.001 |
| Peak velocity, provoked (cm s−1) | 385 ± 85 | 426 ± 77 | 0.01 |
| Left ventricular ejection time (ms) | 310 ± 44 | 342 ± 41 | < 0.01 |
| Acceleration time (ms) | 152 ± 29 | 176 ± 30 | < 0.001 |
| Divided by RR interval | 0.18 ± 0.04 | 0.19 ± 0.04 | 0.10 |
| Divided by ejection time | 0.49 ± 0.07 | 0.52 ± 0.07 | 0.03 |
| Acceleration (m s−2) | 25.9 [21.9–32.6] | 25.1 [21.3–29.6] | 0.20 |
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, median [IQR] or number (%)
LV left ventricular, LVOT left ventricular outflow tract, RV right ventricular, TAPSE tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion
*Data on systolic and diastolic function was available in 178 and 170 patients, respectively