Table 3.
Results from logistic regression analyses with symptomatic status as dependent variable
| Variable | Univariable OR [95% CI] | p value | Multivariable OR [95% CI] | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male sex | 0.31 [0.15–0.63] | < 0.01 | 0.85 [0.31–2.36] | 0.94 |
| Age | 1.01 [0.99–1.03] | 0.59 | ||
| Body mass index | 1.10 [1.01–1.20] | 0.02 | ||
| Pathogenic variant | 0.85 [0.43–1.70] | 0.65 | ||
| Negative inotropic therapy* | 3.01 [1.52–5.99] | < 0.01 | 1.15 [0.97–1.35] | 0.10 |
| Peak LVOT velocity (per 10 cm s−1) | 1.05 [1.01–1.09] | 0.01 | 1.08 [0.67–1.73] | 0.76 |
| Left ventricular ejection time (per 10 ms) | 1.20 [1.10–1.30] | 0.01 | ||
| Heart rate | 0.96 [0.94–0.99] | < 0.01 | ||
| Acceleration time | ||||
| Absolute (per 10 ms) | 1.34 [1.18–1.51] | < 0.001 | 1.31 [1.12–1.52] | 0.001 |
| Divided by RR interval | 1.07 [0.99–1.17] | 0.10 | ||
| Divided by ejection time | 1.05 [1.00–1.10] | 0.03 | ||
| Acceleration | 0.96 [0.91–1.00] | 0.05 | ||
| Left atrial diameter | 1.03 [0.98–1.08] | 0.29 | ||
| LV end-diastolic diameter | 0.99 [0.93–1.05] | 0.77 | ||
| Septal wall thickness | 1.02 [0.95–1.10] | 0.63 | ||
| Posterior wall thickness | 0.88 [0.77–1.01] | 0.06 | ||
| Septal/posterior wall ratio | 1.77 [0.89–3.52] | 0.11 | ||
| LVOT diameter | 0.77 [0.67–0.88] | < 0.001 | 0.85 [0.71–1.01] | 0.07 |
| Aortic annulus diameter | 0.90 [0.82–0.99] | 0.04 | ||
| Mitral regurgitation | ||||
| No/trace | Reference | |||
| Mild/moderate | 3.98 [1.65–9.57] | 0.002 | ||
| Severe | 3.00 [0.79–11.44] | 0.11 | ||
| Impaired systolic function | 3.40 [0.74–15.61] | 0.12 | ||
| Diastolic function† | ||||
| Normal | Reference | 1.98 [1.18–3.32] | < 0.01 | |
| Impaired relaxation | 1.21 [0.50–2.95] | 0.67 | ||
| Pseudonormal relaxation | 2.54 [1.03–6.36] | 0.04 | ||
| Restrictive | 6.09 [1.13–62.78] | 0.03 | ||
| E/e′ ratio | 1.10 [1.04–1.16] | 0.001 | ||
Absolute acceleration time and AT/ET were entered in three separate multivariable models. The best model fit was achieved using absolute acceleration time (Absolute vs. AT/ET: R2: 0.52 vs. 0.51; Akaike Information Criterion: 167 vs. 171). Results of the other model was omitted from this table
LV left ventricular, LVOT left ventricular outflow tract, OR odds ratio
*Either β-blockers, non-dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonists or disopyramide
†In univariable analysis diastolic function was assessed using Firth’s penalized-likelihood analysis to account for data separation (restrictive diastolic function was present in nine patients, of which eight were symptomatic), in multivariable analysis diastolic function was entered as a linear term to preserve degrees of freedom