Table 3.

Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional regression analysis for the earliest clinical flare

Predictors	Univariable Analysis			Multivariable Analysis
	Hazard Ratio	95% CI	P Value	Hazard Ratio	95% CI	P Value
Age at onset	1.004	0.98‐1.029	0.742	‐	‐	‐
Age at baseline	1.001	0.978‐1.025	0.912	‐	‐	‐
Disease duration at baseline	0.99	0.945‐1.038	0.683	‐	‐	‐
Adjusted mean SLEDAI‐2K in 5 years since first clinic visit	0.911	0.743‐1.117	0.372	‐	‐	‐
Low C3/C4 at baseline	1.583	0.769‐3.262	0.213	‐	‐	‐
Abnormal anti‐dsDNA at baseline	1.286	0.639‐2.585	0.481	‐	‐	‐
Low C3/C4 and abnormal anti‐dsDNA	1.444	0.617‐3.379	0.3964	‐	‐	‐
SDI	1.007	0.796‐1.275	0.952	‐	‐	‐
Cumulative glucocorticoid dose up to baseline (grams)	1.008	0.99‐1.026	0.38	1.016	0.994‐1.039	0.144
Antimalarials at baseline	0.933	0.451‐1.934	0.853	‐	‐	‐
Immunosuppressives at baseline	0.643	0.278‐1.485	0.301	‐	‐	‐
History of CNS involvement	1.125	0.574‐2.206	0.732	‐	‐	‐

Abbreviation: CI, confidence interval; dsDNA, double‐stranded DNA; SDI, Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics Damage Index; SLEDAI‐2K, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index‐2000.