Table 3. Stroke-Related In-Hospital Outcomes and Complications by Cerebrovascular Event Typea.
| Variable | IS (n = 838 229 [83.3%]) | TIA (n = 64 929 [6.4%]) | ICH (n = 85 705 [8.5%]) | SAH (n = 11 241 [1.1%]) | SNC (n = 6694 [0.7%]) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| In-hospital death or DAMAb | 39 453 (6.1) [6.0-6.1] | 2397 (5.0) [4.8-5.2] | 10 704 (17.2) [16.9-17.5] | 1833 (21.9) [21.0-22.8] | 308 (6.0) [5.3-6.6] |
| In-hospital death | 3766 (0.5) [0.4-0.5] | 21 (0) [0-0.1] | 2017 (2.4) [2.3-2.5] | 341 (3.0) [2.7-3.4] | 33 (0.5) [0.3-0.7] |
| DAMAb | 35 687 (5.5) [5.5-5.6] | 2376 (5.0) [4.8-5.1] | 8687 (14.4) [14.1-14.7] | 1492 (18.6) [17.8-19.5] | 275 (5.4) [4.8-6.0] |
| In-hospital MACEs | 53 168 (6.3) [6.3-6.4] | 1537 (2.4) [2.3-2.5] | 8000 (9.3) [9.1-9.5] | 1082 (9.6) [9.1-10.2] | 333 (5.0) [4.5-5.5] |
| Cerebral infarction | 41 872 (5.0) [5.0-5.0] | 197 (0.3) [0.3-0.4] | 1083 (1.3) [1.2-1.3] | 311 (2.8) [2.5-3.1] | 134 (2.0) [1.7-2.3] |
| Cerebral hemorrhage | 7717 (0.9) [0.9-0.9] | 33 (0.1) [0.0-0.1] | 7074 (8.3) [8.1-8.4] | 800 (7.1) [6.6-7.6] | 119 (1.8) [1.5-2.1] |
| TIA | 6155 (0.7) [0.7-0.8] | 1414 (2.2) [2.1-2.3] | 236 (0.3) [0.2-0.3] | 56 (0.5) [0.4-0.6] | 111 (1.7) [1.4-2.0] |
| Myocardial infarction | 3447 (0.4) [0.4-0.4] | 24 (0.0) [0.0-0.1] | 215 (0.3) [0.2-0.3] | 51 (0.5) [0.3-0.6] | 20 (0.3) [0.2-0.4] |
| Length of stay, median (IQR), d | 11 (8-14) | 8 (6-10) | 15 (10-21) | 14 (6-20) | 8 (6-12) |
| In-hospital complications | 107 421 (12.8) [12.7-12.9] | 490 (0.8) [0.7-0.8] | 26 791 (31.3) [31.0-31.6] | 3531 (31.4) [30.6-32.3] | 694 (10.4) [9.6-11.1] |
| DVT | 7698 (0.9) [0.9-0.9] | 52 (0.1) [0.1-0.1] | 1126 (1.3) [1.2-1.4] | 173 (1.5) [1.3-1.8] | 63 (0.9) [0.7-1.2] |
| Pneumonia | 76 745 (9.2) [9.1-9.2] | 281 (0.4) [0.4-0.5] | 21 874 (25.5) [25.2-25.8] | 2658 (23.7) [22.9-24.4] | 409 (6.1) [5.5-6.7] |
| Pulmonary embolism | 1736 (0.2) [0.2-0.2] | 22 (0.0) [0.0-0.1] | 233 (0.3) [0.2-0.3] | 45 (0.4) [0.3-0.5] | 24 (0.4) [0.2-0.5] |
| Epileptic seizure | 4698 (0.6) [0.5-0.6] | 43 (0.1) [0.1-0.1] | 1203 (1.4) [1.3-1.5] | 228 (2.0) [1.8-2.3] | 71 (1.1) [0.8-1.3] |
| Hydrocephalus | 1534 (0.2) [0.2-0.2] | 25 (0.0) [0.0-0.1] | 1868 (2.2) [2.1-2.3] | 537 (4.8) [4.4-5.2] | 20 (0.3) [0.2-0.4] |
| Urinary tract infection | 10 710 (1.3) [1.3-1.3] | 74 (0.1) [0.1-0.1] | 2112 (2.5) [2.4-2.6] | 284 (2.5) [2.2-2.8] | 90 (1.3) [1.1-1.6] |
| Respiratory failure or cardiopulmonary arrest | 3025 (0.4) [0.4-0.4] | 8 (0.0) [0.0-0.0] | 1668 (2.0) [1.9-2.0] | 375 (3.3) [3.0-3.7] | 28 (0.4) [0.3-0.6] |
| Bedsore | 2715 (0.3) [0.3-0.3] | 11 (0.0) [0.0-0.0] | 530 (0.6) [0.6-0.7] | 59 (0.5) [0.4-0.7] | 26 (0.4) [0.2-0.5] |
| Depression | 11 300 (1.4) [1.3-1.4] | 67 (0.1) [0.1-0.1] | 1018 (1.2) [1.1-1.3] | 90 (0.8) [0.6-1.0] | 70 (1.1) [0.8-1.3] |
| Gastrointestinal bleeding | 7917 (0.9) [0.9-1.0] | 30 (0.1) [0.0-0.1] | 2458 (2.9) [2.8-3.0] | 303 (2.7) [2.4-3.0] | 49 (0.7) [0.5-0.9] |
Abbreviations: DAMA, discharge against medical advice; DVT, deep vein thrombosis; ICH, intracerebral hemorrhage; IQR, interquartile range; IS, ischemic stroke; MACE, major adverse cardiovascular event; SAH, subarachnoid hemorrhage; SNC, stroke not classified; TIA, transient ischemic attack.
a
Data are presented as number (percentage [95% CI]) of events unless otherwise indicated.
b
Data on DAMA were missing from 188 619 patients for IS, 16 868 for TIA, 23 427 for ICH, 2878 for SAH, and 1541 for SNC. Discharge against medical advice was assessed among discharged surviving patients.