. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Aug 14.

Published in final edited form as: Am J Med Genet A. 2020 Mar 12;182(5):1117–1129. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61532

TABLE 3.

The cortical surface of PHTS and NC participants

Measurement	PHTS (N = 16) mean [SD]	NC (N = 16) mean [SD]	The rate of PHTS/NC	Cohen’s d
Gyrification index	3.81 [0.21]	3.76 [0.19]	1.0	0.25
L gyrification index	2.72 [0.15]	2.74 [0.14]	1.0	−0.14
R gyrification index	2.73 [0.16]	2.77 [0.15]	1.0	−0.26
L cortex surface area (mm²)^*	142,586 [23110]	103,455 [11776]	1.4	2.13
R cortex surface area (mm²)^*	142,499 [23186]	103,780 [12477]	1.4	2.08
L cortex average thickness (mm)	3.07 [0.32]	2.85 [0.23]	1.1	0.79
R cortex average thickness (mm)	2.95 [0.23]	2.86 [0.24]	1.0	0.38
L cortex volume (mm³)^*	419,593 [100696]	284,323 [31568]	1.5	1.81
R cortex volume (mm³)^*	415,352 [98141]	283,935 [30138]	1.5	1.81

Abbreviations: L, left hemisphere; NC, neurotypical controls; PHTS, PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome; R, right hemisphere; SD, standard deviation.

p < .0005 (two-tailed unpaired t test).