Table 1.
Cohort Characteristics
| Preterm-Born Adults (n = 47) | Term-Born Adults (n = 54) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics and anthropometrics | |||
| Age, y | 22.7 ± 3.0 | 23.6 ± 3.8 | 0.239 |
| Male | 14 (30.0) | 26 (48.0) | 0.061 |
| Height, cm | 167 ± 8.6 | 175 ± 10.0 | <0.001 |
| Weight, kg | 65.3 ± 13.5 | 70.0 ± 13.0 | 0.299 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23.3 ± 4.5 | 22.7 ± 2.7 | 0.436 |
| Gestational age, wk | 32.8 ± 3.2 | 39.5 ± 1.4 | <0.001 |
| 32-36 wk | 38 (80.9) | — | — |
| 28-31 wk | 5 (10.6) | — | — |
| <28 wk | 4 (8.5) | — | — |
| Birth weight, g | 1,916 ± 806 | 3,390 ± 424 | <0.001 |
| Birth weight range, g | 595-3,203 | 2,640-4,536 | <0.001 |
| Gestational hypertension | 8 (17.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.002 |
| Small for gestational age | 2 (4.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0.214 |
| Biochemistry | |||
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.72 ± 0.65 | 4.18 ± 0.77 | 0.001 |
| HDL, mmol/L | 1.49 ± 0.31 | 1.47 ± 0.26 | 0.953 |
| LDL, mmol/L | 2.80 ± 0.71 | 2.32 ± 0.60 | 0.001 |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.12 ± 0.66 | 0.87 ± 0.36 | 0.031 |
| High-sensitivity CRP, mg/L | 1.57 ± 2.42 | 1.14 ± 1.96 | 0.412 |
| Glucose, mmol/L | 5.02 ± 0.41 | 4.82 ± 0.51 | 0.030 |
| Insulin, pmol/L | 51.1 ± 29.0 | 35.8 ± 29.4 | 0.012 |
| Insulin resistance | 0.96 ± 0.54 | 0.68 ± 0.59 | 0.020 |
| Brachial blood pressure | |||
| Awake ambulatory systolic, mm Hg | 119 ± 6 | 119 ± 8 | 0.610 |
| Awake ambulatory diastolic, mm Hg | 71 ± 5 | 69 ± 5 | 0.058 |
Values are mean ± SD, n (%), or range. P values are adjusted for sex. P values in bold indicate statistical significance (P < 0.05).
BMI = body mass index; CRP = C-reactive protein; HDL = high-density lipoprotein; LDL = low-density lipoprotein.