Table 2.
Association of demographic and clinical characteristics with mortality among diabetes patients with COVID-19 admitted to the tertiary care center, N = 200.
| Factor | Categories | Discharged n = 152 Frequency (%) |
Died n = 48 Frequency (%) |
RR (95% CI)a | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| History of contact | No | 118 (72.9) | 44 (27.1) | 1 | 0.053 |
| Yes | 34 (89.5) | 4 (10.5) | 0.4 (0.1–1.0) | ||
| History of travel | No | 131 (74) | 46 (26) | 1 | 0.111 |
| Yes | 21 (91.3) | 2 (8.7) | 0.3 (0.1–1.3) | ||
| History of smoking | No | 151 (77) | 45 (23) | 1 | <0.001 |
| Yes | 1 (25) | 3 (75) | 3.3 (1.7–6.1) | ||
| History of alcohol consumption | No | 149 (76.4) | 46 (2.6) | 1 | 0.348 |
| Yes | 3 (60) | 2 (40) | 1.7 (0.5–5.1) | ||
| Pregnancy | No | 149 (75.6) | 48 (24.4) | – | – |
| Yes | 3 (100) | 0 | |||
| Hypertension | No | 66 (75.9) | 21 (24.1) | 1 | 0.968 |
| Yes | 86 (76.1) | 27 (23.9) | 0.9 (0.6–1.6) | ||
| Respiratory disease | No | 150 (77.3) | 44 (22.7) | 1 | 0.126 |
| COPDb | 0 | 2 (100) | – | ||
| Asthma | 2 (50) | 2 (50) | 2.2 (0.8–6.0) | ||
| Tuberculosis | No | 148 (76.3) | 46 (23.7) | 1 | 0.565 |
| Yes | 4 (66.6) | 2 (33.4) | 1.4 (0.4–4.4) | ||
| CKDc | No | 150 (77.7) | 43 (22.3) | 1 | <0.001 |
| Yes | 2 (28.6) | 5 (71.4) | 3.2 (1.8–5.4) | ||
| Cardiac illnesses | No | 142 (78.5) | 39 (21.5) | 1 | 0.005 |
| Yes | 10 (52.6) | 9 (47.4) | 2.1 (1.2–3.8) | ||
| Malignancy | No | 150 (76.2) | 47 (23.8) | 1 | 0.686 |
| Yes | 2 (66.6) | 1 (33.4) | 1.4 (0.3–7.0) | ||
| Hypothyroidism | No | 138 (74.2) | 48 (25.8) | – | – |
| Yes | 14 (100) | 0 |
The bold values are indicates that the p-values are statistically significant.
a
RR-relative risk.
b
COPD-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
c
Chronic Kidney Disease.