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. 2021 Jul 23;18(14):3261–3270. doi: 10.7150/ijms.61552

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Pro-inflammatory cytokines are produced and secreted in response to ALN treatment in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. (A-B) Cytokine array was conducted as described in Materials and Methods. Production of TNF-α (A) and secretion of IL-6 (B) increased with ALN treatment. (C) Western blot analysis for further validation. ***p < 0.001 and **p < 0.001, compared to control (Student's t-test). Representative images are shown. (D) ALN treatment impaired homeostasis in bone mineralization. Quantification of mineral deposition by Alizarin Red-S staining shown as a graph. Data represent average±SD (n= 6). Statistical analysis was compared between ALN and vehicle only (ctrl) (p-value<0.05).