Table 1.
Comparison of demographics at enrollment based on frailty status
| Items | Robust (n=60) | Pre-frail (n=95) | Frail (n=53) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male, n (%) | 33 (55.0%) | 52 (54.7%) | 28 (52.8%) | 0.982 |
| Age (years) | 51.7±11.6 | 59.5±10.1 | 70.9±8.5 | <0.001* |
| Dialysis vintage (months) | 69.00 (50.00, 115.00) | 76.50 (61.00, 139.50) | 92.50 (73.00, 157.25) | 0.354 |
| Kt/V | 1.7±0.6 | 1.6±0.6 | 1.6±0.5 | 0.882 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 21.35±4.55 | 20.89±3.65 | 20.24±4.13 | 0.557 |
| DM | 20 (33.3%) | 33 (34.7%) | 30 (56.6%) | 0.045* |
| HT | 44 (73.3%) | 71 (74.7%) | 39 (73.6%) | 0.638 |
| CVD | 13 (21.7%) | 23 (24.2%) | 23 (54.7%) | 0.023* |
| CAD | 17 (28.3%) | 45 (47.4%) | 40(75.5%) | 0.015* |
| K (mmol/l) | 4.38±0.56 | 4.59±0.52 | 4.55±0.49 | 0.761 |
| Na (mmol/l) | 139.7±3.22 | 141.2±2.87 | 141.5±3.09 | 0.553 |
| Ca (mmol/l) | 2.27±0.21 | 2.25±0.17 | 2.15±0.22 | 0.336 |
| P (mmol/l) | 1.39±0.59 | 1.55±1.03 | 1.82±1.05 | 0.037* |
| Cr (μmol/l) | 864.4±55.79 | 803.55±59.30 | 751.8±61.25 | 0.629 |
| Alb (g/l) | 45.94±6.76 | 39.21±8.29 | 35.33±6.14 | 0.025* |
| UA (μmol/l) | 501±9.76 | 452±13.26 | 395±11.91 | 0.016* |
| TG (mmol/l) | 2.25±0.29 | 2.19±0.35 | 2.27±0.31 | 0.465 |
| TCH (mmol/l) | 4.23±0.72 | 4.20±0.95 | 4.19±1.01 | 0.562 |
| LDL (mmol/l) | 2.15±0.49 | 2.07±0.81 | 2.19±0.66 | 0.592 |
| HDL (mmol/l) | 1.52±0.48 | 1.49±0.45 | 1.55±0.62 | 0.883 |
| WBC (×109) | 5.98±1.22 | 6.15±1.43 | 6.39±1.30 | 0.714 |
| Hb (g/l) | 117.3±10.21 | 102.3±11.36 | 98.3±5.44 | 0.001* |
| PLT (×1012) | 179±10.36 | 181±11.24 | 176±11.02 | 0.469 |
| Before HD | ||||
| SBP (mmHg) | 142.39±18.51 | 144.01±15.79 | 141.59±17.97 | 0.315 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 80.77±13.25 | 79.54±12.81 | 74.01±13.16 | 0.093 |
| MAP (mmHg) | 98.82±12.43 | 99.24±13.08 | 96.16±11.52 | 0.781 |
| After HD | ||||
| SBP (mmHg) | 128.30±12.55 | 125.56±13.19 | 121.68±13.45 | 0.225 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 73.84±10.57 | 71.25±12.41 | 69.94±10.31 | 0.292 |
| MAP (mmHg) | 93.07±9.59 | 90.95±11.56 | 88.26±11.39 | 0.149 |
| Ultrafiltration volume (L) | 4.5±2.1 | 4.7±2.6 | 4.5±2.5 | 0.628 |
| Ultrafiltration volume/dry weight | 0.038±0.019 | 0.043±0.027 | 0.069±0.022 | 0.036* |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; DM, diabetes mellitus; HT, hypertension; CAD, coronary artery disease; CVD, cerebral vascular disease; Alb, albumin; UA, urine acid; TG, triglyceride; TCH, total cholesterol; LDL, low density lipoprotein; HDL, high density lipoprotein; WBC, white blood cell; Hb, hemoglobin; PLT, platelet; HD, hemodialysis; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; MAP, mean artery pressure.
* P< 0.05
Note: Fried phenotype frailty classification: Robust or non-frail: frailty score=0; pre-frail: frailty score=1 or 2; frail: frailty score≥3.