Table 1.
List of plant-derived recombinant products and their clinical trial status
| Product | Application | Host | Clinical trial status | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Enterotoxigenic E.coli LT-B |
Diahrrea | Potato | Early phase I | [81] |
|
Enterotoxigenic E.coli LT-B |
Diahrrea | Maize | Early phase I | [82] |
| Norwalk virus CP | Diahrrea | Potato | Early phase I | [83] |
| Rabies virus GP/NP | Rabies | Spinach | Early phase I | [84] |
| HBV HBsAg | Hepatitis B | Lettuce | Early phase I | [85] |
| HBV HBsAg | Hepatitis B | Potato | Phase I | [86] |
| Vibrio cholera CTB | Cholera | Rice | Phase I | [78] |
|
Taliglucerase alfa;Recombinant glucocerebrosidase (prGCD) |
Gaucher disease | Carrot cell culture | Phase 3 completed (2012); FDA approved (2012) | https://clinicaltrials.gov |
| ZMApp | Ebola virus | Tobacco | Phase 1 and 2 (2015) | https://clinicaltrials.gov |
| PRX-102 | Fabry disease | Tobacco cell culture | Phase 1 and 2 (2014) | https://clinicaltrials.gov |
| VaccinePfs25 VLP | Malaria | Tobacco | Phase 1 (2015) | https://clinicaltrials.gov |
| Vaccine Recombinant protective antigen | Anthrax | Tobacco | Phase 1 (2014) | https://clinicaltrials.gov |
| HAI-05 | H5N1 Vaccine | Tobacco | Phase 1 (2011) | https://clinicaltrials.gov |
| Recombinant human intrinsic factor | Vitamin B12 deficiency | Arabidop sis thaliana | Phase 2 completed (2006) | https://clinicaltrials.gov |
| H5-VLP + GLA-AF Vaccine | Influenza A Subtype H5N1 Infection | Tobacco | Phase 1 Completed (2014) | https://clinicaltrials.gov |
| P2G12 IgG Antibody | HIV | Tobacco | Phase 1 completed (2011) | https://clinicaltrials.gov |
| Influenza virus (H5N1) HA | Flu | Nicotiana benthami ana | Phase I | [87] |
| Influenza virus (H1N1) HA | Flu | Nicotiana benthami ana | Phase I | [88] |
|
Influenza virus(H7N9) HA (H7; VLP) |
Flu |
Nicotiana benthami ana |
Phase I | Medicago Inc. (http://www.medicago.com) |
| LSBC scFVs |
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma |
Tobacco | Phase I | [89] |
|
CaroRX Guy’s 13 SIgA |
Dental caries | Tobacco | Phase II | [90] |
| Gastric lipase | Cystic fibrosis, pancreatitis | maize | Phase II | http://www.meristem.com |
| Human intrinsic factor |
Vitamin B12 deficiency |
Arabidop sis | Phase II | http://www.cobento.com |
| Lactoferrin | Gastrointestinal infections | maize | Phase I | http://www.meristem.com |
| Apo-A1Milano | Cardiovascular disease | Safflowe r | Preclinical | http://www.sembiosys.com |
| Insulin (SBS-1000) | Diabetes | Safflowe r | Phase I/II completed Q1 2009 | [91] |
| Glucocerebrosidase (UPLYSO) | Gaucher’s disease | Carrot cell culture | Phase III trial completed | [92] |
| Alpha-galactosidase (PRX-102) | Fabry’s disease | Carrot cell culture | Preclinical | Protalix |
| Acetylcholesterase (PRX-105) | Biodefense | Carrot cell culture | Phase I (March 2010) | Protalix |
| Antitumor necrosis factor (Pr-anti-TNF) | Arthritis | Carrot cell culture | Preclinical | Protalix |
| β-Glucosidase | Gaucher’s disease | Tobacco seeds | Preclinical | Plantechno srl |
| Interferon-alpha modified release (Locteron R) | Hepatitis C | Lemna (Duckwe ed) | Phase II b | Biolex therapeutics (Pittsboro, NC, USA) |
| Recombinant plasmin (BLX-155) | Thrombosis prophylaxis | Lemna (Duckwe ed) | Preclinical | Biolex therapeutics (Pittsboro, NC, USA) |
| Anti-CD20 mAb (BLX-301) | Non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas | Lemna (Duckwe ed) | Preclinical | Biolex Therapeutics |
| Human serum albumin | Maintenance of blood plasma pressure | Flax | Preclinical | Agragen (Cincinatti, OH, USA) |
| (RhinoRx) | Rhinovirus prophylactic | Tobacco | Phase II | http://www.plantbiotechnology.com |