Table 3.

Associations with natural logarithm-transformed total, white matter, cortex, and basal ganglia infarct growth among large vessel occlusion stroke patients treated with endovascular thrombectomy (EVT).

	Total Infarct Growth				White Matter Infarct Growth				Cortex Infarct Growth				Basal Ganglia Infarct Growth
	Univariable		Multivariable		Univariable		Multivariable		Univariable		Multivariable		Univariable		Multivariable
	β	P	β	P	β	P	β	P	β	P	β	P	β	P	β	P
Age, Years	−0.263	0.002	−0.041	0.841	−0.198	0.197			−0.142	0.358			−0.347	0.021	−0.180	0.195
Female	−0.358	0.017	−0.294	0.042	−0.277	0.069	−0.130	0.332	−0.391	0.009	−0.33	0.015	−0.048	0.756
Hypertension	−0.267	0.080	−0.161	0.388	−0.247	0.107			−0.130	0.402			−0.251	0.100
Diabetes	−0.178	0.247			−0.020	0.896			−0.204	0.185			0.048	0.759
Atrial Fibrillation	−0.289	0.057	−0.077	0.625	−0.201	0.192			−0.215	0.161			−0.153	0.323
Stroke/TIA History	−0.191	0.215			−0.133	0.391			−0.233	0.128			−0.228	0.137
Coronary Artery Disease	−0.165	0.284			−0.079	0.609			−0.278	0.068	−0.34	0.015	0.208	0.176
Cervical ICA Disease	0.243	0.111			0.262	0.086	0.209	0.143	0.142	0.358			0.393	0.008	0.272	0.047
ICA Terminus Occlusion	0.011	0.943			−0.020	0.897			−0.026	0.868			0.089	0.564
M1 Occlusion	−0.202	0.188			−0.185	0.230			−0.102	0.509			−0.046	0.767
M2 Occlusion	0.256	0.093	0.190	0.191	0.269	0.077	0.206	0.131	0.166	0.282			−0.041	0.791
Collateral Grade	0.158	0.305			0.243	0.112			0.148	0.337			0.152	0.325
Intravenous Alteplase	0.271	0.075	0.215	0.182	0.284	0.062	0.261	0.057	0.125	0.418			0.242	0.114
LKW-Alteplase Time, Min	0.237	0.301			0.289	0.204			0.263	0.249			−0.249	0.277
LKW-Pre-EVT MRI Time, Min	−0.158	0.307			−0.173	0.261			−0.068	0.662			−0.431	0.003	−0.254	0.114
Pre-EVT Total Infarct Volume	0.189	0.218			0.195	0.205			0.065	0.677			0.262	0.086
Pre-EVT White Matter Infarct Volume	0.155	0.315			0.167	0.279			0.001	0.994			0.262	0.085	0.190	0.138
Pre-EVT Cortex Infarct Volume	0.179	0.244			0.175	0.256			0.056	0.717			0.215	0.160
Pre-EVT Basal Ganglia Infarct Volume	0.165	0.285			0.19	0.218			0.161	0.296			0.137	0.377
LKW-Groin Time, Min	−0.005	0.973			0.017	0.911			0.133	0.388			−0.489	0.001	−0.195	0.244
Groin-Recanalization Time, Min	0.129	0.414			0.118	0.456			0.073	0.646			0.238	0.129
Pre-EVT MRI- Reperfusion Time, Min	0.215	0.171			0.252	0.108			0.189	0.230			0.235	0.134
General Anesthesia	0.083	0.592			0.176	0.254			0.027	0.861			−0.036	0.817
Total Number Passes	0.140	0.365			0.110	0.478			0.182	0.236			0.240	0.116
TICI 3 Complete Reperfusion	−0.268	0.079	−0.171	0.262	−0.354	0.019	−0.280	0.048	−0.316	0.036	−0.34	0.017	−0.007	0.964
Pre-EVT-Post-EVT MRI Time, Hours	0.196	0.202			0.259	0.090	0.240	0.083	0.125	0.420			0.067	0.666

Several variables were identified as being associated with region-specific infarct growth in univariable analyses. In a multivariable model for determinants of total infarct growth (R²=0.334, p=0.029), female sex was independently associated with less growth. In a multivariable model for determinants of white matter infarct growth (R²=0.381, p=0.005), TICI 3 was independently associated with less growth. In a multivariable model for determinants of cortical infarct growth (R²=0.329, p=0.001), female sex, coronary artery disease, and TICI 3 were independently associated with less growth. In a multivariable model for determinants of basal ganglia infarct growth (R²=0.348, p=0.001), cervical ICA disease was associated with more growth. Abbreviations: TIA: transient ischemic attack, ICA: internal carotid artery, M1: first segment of middle cerebral artery, M2: second segment, LKW: last known well, cc: cubic centimeters, TICI: thrombolysis in cerebral infarction, β: parameter estimate.