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. 2021 Jul 8;13(7):e2021MS002477. doi: 10.1029/2021MS002477

Figure 6.

Figure 6

Average zonal‐mean zonal jet between latitudes −5 to 5 for six consecutive yearlong integrations at TL159 resolution (∼125 km). Plots show the ability of the integrated forecasting sysytem model to capture the Quasi‐Biennial Oscillation (QBO) when coupled to different NOGWD schemes: NOGWD, the current scheme; NOGWD HC, the increased complexity variant; four neural network (NN) schemes covering different complexities and normalization approaches; Rayleigh friction, the precursor scheme to the current NOGWD scheme. Both variations of the current scheme produce similar dynamics, which are faithfully reproduced by the MEANSD NNs. The TMEANVAX networks outperform Rayleigh friction but fail to adequately reproduce the descent phase of the QBO.