TABLE 1.

Summary of meta‐analyses on the effects of different types of exercise training (aerobic, resistance, combined aerobic plus resistance, and high‐intensity interval training) on VO_2max, muscle strength and other fitness parameters in adults with overweight or obesity

Outcome	Intervention	N	Comparator	N	(S)md	95% CI		I2 (%)	P value
						min	max
VO2max	Aerobic	995	No exercise	447	4.08	3.22	4.95	61	0.00001
	Resistance	75	No exercise	84	4.52	1.76	7.28	59	0.001
	Aerobic + Resistance	165	No exercise	153	4.57	2.14	7.00	74	0.0002
	HIIT	183	No exercise	123	4.31	2.81	5.80	51	<0.00001
	Resistance	143	Aerobic	137	−1.40	−2.41	−0.38	11	0.007
	Aerobic + Resistance	96	Aerobic	97	0.38	−0.63	1.38	0	0.46
	HIIT	300	Aerobic	221	0.99	0.25	1.73	0	0.008
Muscle strength	Aerobic	78	No exercise	76	0.26	−0.06	0.58	0	0.12
	Resistance	291	No exercise	206	0.74	0.54	0.93	0	<0.00001
	Aerobic + Resistance	74	No exercise	71	0.62	0.27	0.96	0	0.004
	Resistance	96	Aerobic	95	0.49	0.19	0.78	0	0.001
Physical fitness (flexibility, balance, walking speed, and global physical capacity score)	Resistance or Aerobic + Resistance	131	No exercise	98	0.66	0.37	0.95	0	<0.00001

Note: For muscle strength, no studies on the effects of HIIT were found.

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HIIT, high‐intensity interval training; I ², heterogeneity; MD, mean difference; N, number of participants; SMD, standardized mean difference; VO₂max, maximum oxygen consumption.