TABLE 3.
Summary of recommendations
| Recommendation | Grade | Corresponding ESs |
|---|---|---|
| Body weight and body composition | ||
| 1. Weight and fat loss | ||
| Advise preferentially an exercise training program based on 150 to 200 min of aerobic exercise at least at moderate intensity. | A | 1.1–1.2–1.4 |
| Advise an exercise training program based on HIIT (i) only after thorough assessment of cardiovascular risk and (ii) with supervision. | B | 1.3 |
| Inform persons with overweight or obesity that expected weight loss is on average not more than 2 to 3 kg. | A | 1.1–1.4 |
| 2. Weight maintenance after weight loss | ||
| Advise a high volume of aerobic exercise (200 to 300 min/week of moderate‐intensity exercise). | E | 1.7 |
| 3. Preservation of lean body mass during weight loss | ||
| Advise an exercise training program based on resistance training at moderate‐to‐high intensity. | A | 1.6 |
| Cardiometabolic health | ||
| 4. Visceral fat loss and intra‐hepatic fat loss | ||
| Advise preferentially an exercise training program based on aerobic exercise at moderate intensity. | A | 1.5–2.4 |
| Advise an exercise training program based on HIIT (i) only after thorough assessment of cardiovascular risk and (ii) with supervision. | B | 1.5–2.4 |
| 5. Insulin sensitivity | ||
| Advise any type of exercise training (aerobic, resistance, and combined aerobic or resistance) or HIIT (after thorough assessment of cardiovascular risk and under supervision). | A | 2.1 |
| 6. Blood pressure | ||
| Advise preferentially an exercise training program based on aerobic exercise at moderate intensity. | A | 2.2–2.3 |
| Physical fitness | ||
| 7. Cardiorespiratory fitness | ||
| Advise any type of exercise training (aerobic, resistance, and combined aerobic or resistance) or HIIT (after thorough assessment of cardiovascular risk and under supervision). | A | 3.1–3.2 |
| 8. Muscular fitness | ||
| Advise an exercise training program based preferentially on resistance training alone or combined with aerobic training. | A | 3.3–3.4 |
| Energy intake and appetite | ||
| 9. Eating behavior | ||
| Inform persons with overweight or obesity that an exercise training program will not have a substantial impact on energy intake but rather may improve eating behaviors. | B | 4.1–4.4 |
| 10. Hunger and satiety | ||
| Inform persons with overweight or obesity that exercise training may increase fasting hunger but improve the strength of satiety | B | 4.2–4.3 |
| Quality of life and psychological well‐being | ||
| 11. Quality of life (physical component) | ||
| Advise an exercise training program based on either aerobic, resistance or a combination of both. | B | 6.1 |
| Bariatric surgery | ||
| 12. Additional weight and fat loss with exercise after surgery | ||
| Advise an exercise training program based on a combination of aerobic and resistance training. | A | 5.1 |
| Inform that expected additional weight and fat loss is on average not more than 2 to 3 kg. | B | 5.1 |
| 13. Physical fitness | ||
| Advise an exercise training program based on a combination of aerobic and resistance training. | A | 5.2 |
| 14. Lean body mass | ||
| Advise an exercise training program based on a combination of aerobic and resistance training. | C | 5.3 |
| Behavior change techniques | ||
| 15. Habitual physical activity | ||
| Preferentially use prompting behavioral practice and rehearsal in face‐to‐face behavior change interventions. | B | 7.4 |
Abbreviations: ES, evidence statements; HIIT, high‐intensity interval training.