Table 5.

Baseline characteristics of patients by nephrology consultation

	Nephrology consult, RUS recommended (%, n=95)	Nephrology consult, RUS not recommended (%, n=73)	No nephrology consult (%, n=113)	P value
Sociodemographics
Age
18–39	12	7	9	0.70
40–59	23	26	23
60–74	41	37	34
≥75	24	30	35
Sex
Male	56	56	58	0.92
Female	44	44	42
Race/ethnicity
Non-Hispanic white	28	22	20	0.30
Non-Hispanic black	31	36	44
Hispanic	28	34	23
Other	13	8	12
Risk criteria
History of hydronephrosis	9	10	12	0.75
Non-black race	69	64	56	0.12
History of recurrent UTIs	1	4	17	<0.001*
Diagnosis consistent with possible obstruction	40	45	50	0.39
Absence of nephrotoxins	39	37	44	0.57
Absence of CHF	67	77	78	0.19
Absence of prerenal AKI	68	60	66	0.53
Laboratory results
Creatinine at admission, mean (SD)	5.2 (4.4)	4.0 (3.6)	2.2 (1.6)	<0.001*
Baseline creatinine, mean (SD)	2.3 (1.4)	2.0 (1.4)	1.3 (0.7)	<0.001*

χ² tests were used to compare whether categorical variables differed by nephrology consultation status. Analysis of variance tests were used to compare whether continuous variables (laboratory values) differed by nephrology consultation status.

*Statistically significant at p<0.05.

AKI, acute kidney injury; CHF, congestive heart failure; RUS, renal ultrasound; UTIs, urinary tract infections.