Figure 3.

Perioperative pathway for patients allocated to standard of care. ¹The APS team is nurse based and anaesthetist supervised. A clinical pain nurse visits each patient on the APS service at least once a day, mostly when pain treatment modalities like intravenous or epidural patient-controlled analgesia, with or without peripheral nerve catheter, are used. The team is in-house 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. when pain medication is switched to oral medication only, the patient is usually discharged from services of the APS. APS, acute pain team; OPE, outpatient preoperative evaluation.