FIGURE 1.

Allometric body shape indices in relation to cancer risk by sex. †—cancers with less than 20 cases in women pre‐menopausal at baseline, for which models were not adjusted for menopausal status; ABSI, a body shape index; BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; HI, hip index; HR, hazard ratio; SCC, squamous cell carcinoma; SD, standard deviation; WHI, waist‐to‐hip index. HRs (95% CI) were obtained from delayed entry Cox proportional hazards models stratified by age at baseline and region of the assessment center. Model A—included BMI and WHI with adjustment variables. Model B—included BMI, ABSI, and HI with adjustment variables (HR estimates for BMI in Model A and Model B were similar). Men—models were adjusted for height, weight change during the year preceding baseline, Townsend deprivation index, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, consumption of fresh fruit and vegetables, processed meat and red meat, family history of cancer and, for skin SCC and melanoma, sun‐exposure‐related factors. Women—models included adjustment variables as for men, with the addition of menopausal status (except for cancers marked with †), use of hormone replacement therapy, ever use of oral contraceptives, and age at last live birth (with “no live births” as one of the categories). Cancer types and subtypes are defined in Supplementary Methods according to the 10th edition of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases (ICD10). Obesity‐related cancers included esophageal adenocarcinoma, cancers of the gastric cardia, colon, rectum and rectosigmoid junction, liver, gallbladder and bile ducts, pancreas, kidney, postmenopausal breast, ovary, endometrium, thyroid, and multiple myeloma. Non‐obesity‐related cancers included the remaining cancers. Numerical values for HR (95% CI) estimates are shown in Table S2