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. 2021 Aug 2;12:707126. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2021.707126

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Copyright © 2021 Hammoud, AlZaim, Al-Dhaheri, Eid and El-Yazbi

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The emerging role of PRAT in renal and cardiovascular homeostatic function. Metabolic dysfunction triggers PRAT deposition and inflammation leading to alterations in cardiovascular and renal function, triggering nephrotoxicity and cardiovascular diseases. CIMT, carotid intima-media thickness; CVD, cardiovascular disease; FFA, free fatty acid; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; IL-1β, interleukin-1 beta; NO, nitric oxide; RAS, renin angiotensin system; TNFα, tumor necrosis factor alpha; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor.