Table 2.
Immune-mediated disease characteristics of cases with CD20 inhibitor use prior to COVID-19.
| Characteristic | CD20 Inhibitor-Treated Immune-Mediated Cases (n=114) |
|---|---|
| Indication for CD20 inhibitor, n (%) | |
| Rheumatic condition only | 54 (47) |
| Inflammatory arthritis* | 19 (17) |
| Vasculitis | 17 (15) |
| Systemic lupus erythematosus | 7 (6) |
| Inflammatory myositis | 6 (5) |
| Other rheumatic condition† | 3 (3) |
| Multiple primary rheumatic diagnoses‡ | 2 (2) |
| Neurologic condition | 43 (38) |
| Multiple sclerosis | 33 (29) |
| Neuromyelitis optica | 4 (4) |
| Other neurologic condition§ | 6 (5) |
| Ocular inflammation | 3 (3) |
| Hematologic condition only | 5 (4) |
| Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura | 3 (3) |
| Autoimmune hemolytic anemia | 2 (2) |
| Autoimmune hepatitis | 3 (3) |
| Both rheumatic and hematologic conditions∥ | 2 (2) |
| Other miscellaneous conditions¶ | 4 (4) |
| Immune-mediated disease duration, years, median (IQR) | 6 (3, 15) |
| Immune-mediated disease status | |
| Remission | 26 (23) |
| Low activity | 58 (51) |
| Moderate/high activity | 30 (26) |
| Type of CD20 inhibitor, n (%)** | |
| Rituximab or biosimilar | 90 (79) |
| Ocrelizumab | 26 (23) |
| Duration of CD20 inhibitor use, n (%) | |
| <1 year | 33 (29) |
| 1–3 years | 51 (45) |
| >3 years | 30 (26) |
| Most recent CD20 inhibitor dose prior to COVID-19 onset, n (%) | |
| <3 months | 48 (42) |
| 3–6 months | 44 (39) |
| 6–12 months | 22 (19) |
| Concomitant immunomodulatory medications at COVID-19 onset, n (%) | |
| Mycophenolate mofetil | 8 (7) |
| Methotrexate | 6 (5) |
| Hydroxychloroquine | 5 (4) |
| Leflunomide | 3 (3) |
| Other immunomodulatory medication†† | 6 (5) |
| Oral glucocorticoid | 35 (31) |
| Prednisone-equivalent daily dose mg, median (IQR) | 7.5 (5.0, 15.0) |
Includes rheumatoid arthritis, other inflammatory arthritis, and juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
Includes Sjögren’s syndrome and IgG4-related disease.
Includes one patient with both rheumatoid arthritis and vasculitis and one patient with both inflammatory myopathy and inflammatory arthritis
Includes myasthenia gravis, autoimmune encephalitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, cavernous sinus mass, and small fiber polyneuropathy.
Includes a patient with rheumatoid arthritis and immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), and a patient with vasculitis and antiphospholipid syndrome
Includes pemphigus vulgaris, 2 membranous nephropathy, and autoimmune interstitial lung disease.
No individuals were on obinutuzumab or ofatumumab. Two individuals were initially on rituximab and then transitioned to ocrelizumab.
Includes azathioprine (n=1), cyclophosphamide (n=2), sulfasalazine (n=1), and tacrolimus (n=2).