Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics for Participants by Urine Lipoarabinomannan Testing
| Characteristic | LAM Not Tested (n = 284) | LAM Tested (n = 566) | Total (N = 850) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 139 (49) | 311 (55) | 450 (53) | .098a |
| Female | 145 (51) | 255 (45) | 400 (47) | |
| Race | ||||
| Black | 277 (98) | 491 (87) | 768 (90) | <.001a |
| Other | 7 (2) | 75 (13) | 82 (10) | |
| Age | ||||
| No. | 284 | 566 | 850 | .533b |
| Mean (SD) | 36.8 (8.2) | 36.4 (8.9) | 36.5 (8.7) | |
| Min, Max | 22, 65 | 18, 70 | 18, 70 | |
| Median (IQR) | 36 (31–41) | 36 (30–42) | 36 (30–42) | |
| <20 | 0 (0) | 5 (1) | 5 (1) | |
| 20–29 | 57 (20) | 125 (22) | 182 (21) | |
| 30–39 | 138 (49) | 250 (44) | 388 (46) | |
| 40–49 | 65 (23) | 144 (25) | 209 (25) | |
| 50–59 | 21 (7) | 34 (6) | 55 (6) | |
| 60–69 | 3 (1) | 7 (1) | 10 (1) | |
| ≥70 | 0 (0) | 1 (0) | 1 (0) | |
| CD4 count at baseline, cells/μL | ||||
| No. | 284 | 563 | 847 | .002b |
| Mean (SD) | 25.6 (20.6) | 21.6 (17.7) | 22.9 (18.8) | |
| Min, Max | 0, 154 | 0, 145 | 0, 154 | |
| Median (IQR) | 21 (11–35) | 17 (8–31) | … | |
| <25 | 162 (57) | 361 (64) | 523 (62) | |
| 25–49 | 100 (35) | 165 (29) | 265 (31) | |
| 50–100 | 18 (6) | 36 (6) | 54 (6) | |
| 101–200 | 4 (1) | 1 (0) | 5 (1) | |
| Invalid result/result not obtained | 0 (0) | 3 (1) | 3 (0) | |
| HIV-1 RNA at baseline, log10 copies/mL | ||||
| No. | 281 | 563 | 844 | .594b |
| Mean (SD) | 5.3 (0.7) | 5.3 (0.7) | 5.3 (0.7) | |
| Min, Max | 1.7, 7.0 | 1.7, 7.0 | 1.7, 7.0 | |
| Median (IQR) | 5.3 (4.9–5.7) | 5.3 (4.9–5.7) | 5.3 (4.9–5.7) | |
| <1000 | 2 (1) | 7 (1) | 9 (1) | |
| 1000–9999 | 5 (2) | 7 (1) | 12 (1) | |
| 10 000–99 999 | 80 (28) | 150 (27) | 230 (27) | |
| 100 000–499 999 | 121 (43) | 256 (45) | 377 (44) | |
| ≥500 000 | 73 (26) | 143 (25) | 216 (25) | |
| Result not obtained | 3 (1) | 3 (1) | 6 (1) | |
| Country | ||||
| South Africa | 140 (49) | 36 (6) | 176 (21) | <.001a |
| India | 6 (2) | 23 (4) | 29 (3) | |
| Zambia | 6 (2) | 30 (5) | 36 (4) | |
| Malawi | 12 (4) | 181 (32) | 193 (23) | |
| Kenya | 87 (31) | 65 (11) | 152 (18) | |
| Haiti | 27 (10) | 82 (14) | 109 (13) | |
| Peru | 0 (0) | 39 (7) | 39 (5) | |
| Zimbabwe | 1 (0) | 51 (9) | 52 (6) | |
| Brazil | 0 (0) | 15 (3) | 15 (2) | |
| Uganda | 5 (2) | 44 (8) | 49 (6) |
Data are presented as No. (%) unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviations: HIV-1, human immunodeficiency virus type 1; IQR, interquartile range; LAM, lipoarabinomannan; SD, standard deviation.
aχ 2 test.
bWilcoxon test.
cFisher exact test.