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. 2021 Jun 16;34(5):560–565. doi: 10.1080/08998280.2021.1930487

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Figure 4. — Pathology of 16 Fr Salem Sump tubes which became obstructed in ICUs. (a) Hematoxylin and eosin (400×) stain shows flake-like pectin particles from case #2. (b) Cross-section from case #3 reveals complete obstruction from white, chalky material. (c) Polarized light (400×) microscopic picture from case #3 shows birefringent crystals that are consistent with compounding agents of an administered medication. (d) A linear section of the tube from case #17 shows a smooth tan formula precipitation clot obstructing the distal 14 cm of the tube. (e) Hematoxylin and eosin (400×) stain of amorphous proteinaceous material from a formula precipitation clot (case #1). (f) Case #9, where a permanent kink (blue arrow) 57 cm from the distal tip of the tube apparently resulted in obstruction.