Table 1. Maternal and neonatal characteristics and outcomes in the study population of 49 pregnancies with pregestational diabetes mellitus.

	Number	Percent
Type 1 diabetes mellitus	44	89.8
Type 2 diabetes mellitus	5	10.2
Maternal diabetic complications	9	18.4
Hypothyroidism	9	18.4
Chronic hypertension	7	14.3
Preeclampsia	3	6.1
Preterm birth*	15	30.6
Cesarean section	22	44.9
Metabolic acidosis at birth †	1	2
5-min Apgar score <7	1	2
Transfer to neonatal intensive care ward	20	40.8
Perinatal death ‡	1	2
Malformation §	2	4

*Preterm birth, gestational age <37 weeks

† Metabolic acidosis defined as an umbilical arterial pH of <7.0 and a base deficit of >12.

‡Intrauterine fetal death at gestational week 36.

§One neonate with sagittal craniosynostosis and one with congenital heart defect (anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery).