Table 3.
Observed means and SDs for the secondary outcome measures at pre- and posttest for the trial conditions.
| Measure and condition | Measurement occasion | ||||||||||||||
|
|
Pretest | Posttest | 6-month follow-up | ||||||||||||
|
|
Participants, n | Value, mean (SD) | Participants, n | Value, mean (SD) | Participants, n | Value, mean (SD) | |||||||||
| Depression (PHQ-9a) | |||||||||||||||
|
|
EFIb + myCompass 2 | 280 | 9.82 (2.77) | 75 | 9.00 (5.18) | 91 | 9.34 (5.47) | ||||||||
|
|
myCompass 2 alone | 285 | 9.64 (2.70) | 84 | 8.90 (5.12) | 108 | 7.90 (4.68) | ||||||||
|
|
Attention control | 284 | 9.49 (2.92) | 123 | 8.52 (4.94) | 136 | 8.24 (5.86) | ||||||||
| Anxiety (GAD-7c) | |||||||||||||||
|
|
EFI + myCompass 2 | 280 | 7.63 (3.42) | 75 | 7.17 (4.49) | 91 | 6.98 (4.56) | ||||||||
|
|
myCompass 2 alone | 285 | 7.28 (3.27) | 84 | 6.55 (4.51) | 108 | 5.96 (4.53) | ||||||||
|
|
Attention control | 284 | 7.71 (3.37) | 123 | 6.57 (4.46) | 136 | 6.26 (4.85) | ||||||||
| General psychological distress (DQ5d) | |||||||||||||||
|
|
EFI + myCompass 2 | 280 | 14.50 (2.96) | 75 | 13.89 (4.15) | 91 | 13.98 (4.16)e | ||||||||
|
|
myCompass 2 alone | 285 | 14.39 (3.07) | 81 | 12.96 (3.74) | 105 | 12.50 (3.95) | ||||||||
|
|
Attention control | 284 | 14.42 (2.87) | 118 | 13.11 (3.65) | 135 | 12.82 (4.35) | ||||||||
| Acceptability (UTAUTf) | |||||||||||||||
|
|
EFI + myCompass 2 | 280 | 14.49 (3.18) | 75 | 14.16 (3.93) | 91 | 12.84 (3.99) | ||||||||
|
|
myCompass 2 alone | 285 | 14.42 (3.01) | 81 | 14.42 (3.25) | 105 | 13.51 (3.69) | ||||||||
|
|
Attention control | 284 | 14.91 (2.87) | 118 | 14.03 (3.29) | 135 | 13.59 (3.97) | ||||||||
| Performance expectancy (UTAUT) | |||||||||||||||
|
|
EFI + myCompass 2 | 280 | 13.53 (2.67) | 75 | 13.48 (3.54) | 91 | 12.54 (3.69) | ||||||||
|
|
myCompass 2 alone | 285 | 13.41 (2.67) | 81 | 13.86 (3.33) | 105 | 13.14 (3.51) | ||||||||
|
|
Attention control | 284 | 13.89 (2.70) | 118 | 13.64 (3.10) | 135 | 13.00 (3.66) | ||||||||
| Effort expectancy (UTAUT) | |||||||||||||||
|
|
EFI + myCompass 2 | 280 | 10.66 (2.19) | 75 | 10.40 (2.28) | 91 | 10.20 (2.47) | ||||||||
|
|
myCompass 2 alone | 285 | 10.67 (2.12) | 81 | 10.30 (2.35) | 105 | 10.12 (2.23) | ||||||||
|
|
Attention control | 284 | 10.54 (1.98) | 118 | 10.49 (2.17) | 135 | 10.37 (2.23) | ||||||||
| Data security concerns (UTAUT) | |||||||||||||||
|
|
EFI + myCompass 2 | 280 | 7.48 (1.86) | 75 | 6.97 (1.82) | 91 | 6.82 (2.04) | ||||||||
|
|
myCompass 2 alone | 285 | 7.30 (1.96) | 81 | 7.26 (1.99) | 105 | 7.25 (1.93)g | ||||||||
|
|
Attention control | 284 | 7.37 (1.85) | 118 | 6.95 (2.07) | 135 | 6.68 (2.16) | ||||||||
| Days out of role | |||||||||||||||
|
|
EFI + myCompass 2 | 280 | 3.04 (4.49) | 75 | 3.81 (5.68) | 91 | 3.52 (5.85)h | ||||||||
|
|
myCompass 2 alone | 285 | 4.14 (5.92) | 80 | 3.91 (5.67) | 105 | 3.43 (6.45) | ||||||||
|
|
Attention control | 284 | 3.62 (5.65) | 118 | 3.66 (6.43) | 135 | 2.97 (5.87) | ||||||||
| Days cut down | |||||||||||||||
|
|
EFI + myCompass 2 | 280 | 9.01 (8.33) | 75 | 9.19 (8.83) | 91 | 9.12 (9.72) | ||||||||
|
|
myCompass 2 alone | 285 | 9.51 (8.65) | 80 | 7.13 (7.32) | 105 | 8.55 (9.05) | ||||||||
|
|
Attention control | 284 | 7.60 (7.32) | 118 | 7.31 (8.07) | 135 | 8.33 (9.63) | ||||||||
| Quality of life (EUROHIS-QOLi) | |||||||||||||||
|
|
EFI + myCompass 2 | 280 | 24.19 (5.15) | 75 | 24.24 (6.63)j | 91 | 24.46 (6.22)k | ||||||||
|
|
myCompass 2 alone | 285 | 23.57 (5.13) | 80 | 25.15 (5.81) | 105 | 25.40 (6.06) | ||||||||
|
|
Attention control | 284 | 24.46 (5.68) | 118 | 24.86 (5.97) | 135 | 25.75 (6.26) | ||||||||
| Suicidal ideation (PSFl) | |||||||||||||||
|
|
EFI + myCompass 2 | 280 | 0.96 (1.21) | —m | — | 91 | 0.91 (1.21) | ||||||||
|
|
myCompass 2 alone | 285 | 0.95 (1.21) | — | — | 105 | 0.76 (1.13) | ||||||||
|
|
Attention control | 284 | 0.84 (1.09) | — | — | 135 | 0.82 (1.17) | ||||||||
aPHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire-9.
bEFI: engagement facilitation intervention.
cGAD-7: Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 item.
dDQ5: Distress Questionnaire-5.
ePretest to 6-month follow-up versus myCompass 2 alone (P=.03).
fUTAUT: Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology.
gPretest to 6-month follow-up versus attention control (P=.01).
hPretest to 6-month follow-up versus myCompass 2 alone (P=.04) and versus attention control (P=.03).
iEUROHIS-QOL: European Health Interview Survey Quality of Life 8-item index.
jPretest to posttest versus myCompass 2 alone (P=.02).
kPretest to 6-month follow-up versus myCompass 2 alone (P=.02).
lPSF: Psychiatric Symptom Frequency scale.
mData for the Psychiatric Symptom Frequency scale measures the items over the previous 6 months; Psychiatric Symptom Frequency scale data were collected at pretest and 6-month follow-up only.