Table 3.
Outcome | Baseline (N=34) | 3 months (N=34) | Differencea | P value | ||||
|
Value, mean (SE) | Participant, n (%)b | Value, mean (SE) | Participant, n (%)b | Value, mean (SE) | Participants, n |
|
|
Depressive symptoms | ||||||||
|
PHQ-9c score (range 0-27) | 9.8 (1.1) | N/Ad | 9.0 (0.7) | N/A | 0.8 (0.9) | N/A | .41 |
|
PHQ-9 score consistent with depression (range≥11) | N/A | 11 (32) | N/A | 10 (29) | N/A | –1 | .99 |
Anxious symptoms | ||||||||
|
SCARED-Ce score (range 0-15) | 4.5 (0.4) | N/A | 4.1 (0.4) | N/A | –0.4 (0.3) | N/A | .22 |
|
SCARED score consistent with anxiety (range≥3) | N/A | 28 (82) | N/A | 25 (74) | N/A | –3 | .45 |
Treatment history (having ever received) | ||||||||
|
Ever seen professional psychologist or counselor | N/A | 29 (86) | N/A | 28 (82) | N/A | –1 | .99 |
|
Ever taken medication like antidepressant | N/A | 17 (50) | N/A | 19 (56) | N/A | 2 | .50 |
|
Cybercoping (range 15-105) | 63.3 (6.6) | N/A | 59.7 (6.4) | N/A | –3.6 (5.1) | N/A | .50 |
|
Self-esteem (range 10-40) | 25.9 (1.0) | N/A | 28.0 (0.9) | N/A | 2.1 (0.8) | N/A | .01 |
|
Mental health self-efficacy (range 0-20) | 15.8 (0.5) | N/A | 16.1 (0.5) | N/A | 0.3 (0.5) | N/A | .58 |
|
Social isolation (range 20-80) | 43.5 (2.1) | N/A | 40.0 (2.1) | N/A | –3.5 (1.8) | N/A | .06 |
|
Perceived stigma (range 0-36) | 23.3 (1.6) | N/A | 21.1 (1.5) | N/A | –2.2 (1.2) | N/A | .08 |
|
Social support (range 8-40) | 30.9 (1.1) | N/A | 31.9 (1.1) | N/A | 1.0 (1.0) | N/A | .35 |
Positive youth development | ||||||||
|
Competence (range 3-12) | 7.6 (0.3) | N/A | 8.3 (0.3) | N/A | 0.7 (0.2) | N/A | .002 |
|
Confidence (range 3-13) | 7.0 (0.5) | N/A | 8.3 (0.4) | N/A | 1.3 (0.4) | N/A | .002 |
|
Character (range 3-19) | 14.4 (0.8) | N/A | 15.6 (0.4) | N/A | –0.5 (0.4) | N/A | .19 |
|
Caring (range 3-15) | 14.0 (0.2) | N/A | 14.2 (0.2) | N/A | 0.2 (0.3) | N/A | .52 |
|
Connection (range 4-20) | 14.2 (0.6) | N/A | 13.8 (0.5) | N/A | –0.5 (0.5) | N/A | .40 |
aDifference is expressed as the difference in mean (SE of the mean) for continuous variables and the difference in quantity for dichotomous variables.
bCalculations used exact sample sizes so that missing data were not included.
cPHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire-9.
dN/A: not applicable.
eSCARED-C: Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders-Child.