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. 2021 Jul 22;5(7):e26183. doi: 10.2196/26183

Table 3.

Baseline and 3-month outcome comparison.

Outcome Baseline (N=34) 3 months (N=34) Differencea P value

Value, mean (SE) Participant, n (%)b Value, mean (SE) Participant, n (%)b Value, mean (SE) Participants, n
Depressive symptoms

PHQ-9c score (range 0-27) 9.8 (1.1) N/Ad 9.0 (0.7) N/A 0.8 (0.9) N/A .41

PHQ-9 score consistent with depression (range≥11) N/A 11 (32) N/A 10 (29) N/A –1 .99
Anxious symptoms

SCARED-Ce score (range 0-15) 4.5 (0.4) N/A 4.1 (0.4) N/A –0.4 (0.3) N/A .22

SCARED score consistent with anxiety (range≥3) N/A 28 (82) N/A 25 (74) N/A –3 .45
Treatment history (having ever received)

Ever seen professional psychologist or counselor N/A 29 (86) N/A 28 (82) N/A –1 .99

Ever taken medication like antidepressant N/A 17 (50) N/A 19 (56) N/A 2 .50

Cybercoping (range 15-105) 63.3 (6.6) N/A 59.7 (6.4) N/A –3.6 (5.1) N/A .50

Self-esteem (range 10-40) 25.9 (1.0) N/A 28.0 (0.9) N/A 2.1 (0.8) N/A .01

Mental health self-efficacy (range 0-20) 15.8 (0.5) N/A 16.1 (0.5) N/A 0.3 (0.5) N/A .58

Social isolation (range 20-80) 43.5 (2.1) N/A 40.0 (2.1) N/A –3.5 (1.8) N/A .06

Perceived stigma (range 0-36) 23.3 (1.6) N/A 21.1 (1.5) N/A –2.2 (1.2) N/A .08

Social support (range 8-40) 30.9 (1.1) N/A 31.9 (1.1) N/A 1.0 (1.0) N/A .35
Positive youth development

Competence (range 3-12) 7.6 (0.3) N/A 8.3 (0.3) N/A 0.7 (0.2) N/A .002

Confidence (range 3-13) 7.0 (0.5) N/A 8.3 (0.4) N/A 1.3 (0.4) N/A .002

Character (range 3-19) 14.4 (0.8) N/A 15.6 (0.4) N/A –0.5 (0.4) N/A .19

Caring (range 3-15) 14.0 (0.2) N/A 14.2 (0.2) N/A 0.2 (0.3) N/A .52

Connection (range 4-20) 14.2 (0.6) N/A 13.8 (0.5) N/A –0.5 (0.5) N/A .40

aDifference is expressed as the difference in mean (SE of the mean) for continuous variables and the difference in quantity for dichotomous variables.

bCalculations used exact sample sizes so that missing data were not included.

cPHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire-9.

dN/A: not applicable.

eSCARED-C: Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders-Child.