Table 2.

Summary of included pre- and postintervention studies (n=9).

Study	Location	Type of cancer	Intervention type	Nature of intervention	Total sample size	Population	Summary of intervention	Outcomes
Ganta et al [60]	Nevada, United States	Cervical	mHealtha	Reminder	473	HIV-infected women (aged ≥18 years) at the HIV Wellness Center	Reminders to schedule a Papanicolaou test via 3 sequential text messages and subsequently by 3 phone call attempts	Proportion completing the Papanicolaou test
Lee et al [58]	Minnesota, United States	Cervical	mHealth	Education or awareness	30	Korean American women (aged 21-29 years) with no previous receipt of a Papanicolaou test with up-to-date health insurance	7-day text message–based intervention including quizzes and questions and engagement in conversation	Proportion receiving a Papanicolaou test within 3 months Intent to receive a Papanicolaou test within a year
Lemos et al [59]	Madeira, Portugal	Cervical	mHealth	Education or awareness	144	Female college students recruited from various undergraduate courses of Madeira University	5 structured text messages delivered over 5 weeks and an educational video intervention lasting 12 minutes	Intention to get a Papanicolaou test measured on a 5-point Likert scale from 1 (definitely will not do) to 5 (definitely will do)
Le and Holt [54]	United States	Cervical	mHealth	Education or awareness	52	Church-attending African-American women (aged 21-65 years) with no previous medical history of cervical cancer or hysterectomy	22 text messages delivered over 16 days, containing health-specific and spiritually based content	Intent to get a Papanicolaou smear test in the next 6 months
Lyson et al [66]	United States	Cervical	Social media	Education or awareness	782	Women (aged ≥18 years) who lived in the United States, spoke English as their primary language, and did not have cervical cancer	Health Connect web-based platform where participants were assigned to groups of 9 and where each participant was randomly distributed a set of 20 tweets or messages per day over 5 days in a personalized message feed	Proportion ever had a Papanicolaou test Proportion ever received the HPVb vaccine
Key et al [67]	Kentucky, United States	CRCc	Social media	Education or awareness	60	Appalachian Kentuckians (aged ≥50 years) noncompliant with current screening guidelines	Participants joined a closed Facebook group and were presented with 3 daily Facebook posts during the 12-week intervention	Proportion ever received a colonoscopy or FOBTd
Jessup et al [56]	Massachusetts, United States	Lung	Social media	Education or awareness	Variable depending on platform	Patients, caregivers, and health care providers within a 60-mile radius of a large quaternary medical center and 2 affiliated off-campus imaging sites. Patient campaign targeted current and former smokers (aged ≥55 years), females (aged ≥55 years), patients and employees of the academic medical center (aged ≥18 years), and caregivers (aged ≥18 years)	Patient awareness campaign on Facebook and Google and provider campaign on LinkedIn and Twitter	Number of LDCTe examinations per week before and after the campaign
Fornos et al [57]	Texas, United States	Cervical	mHealth	Mixed (education, reminders, and navigation)	32,807	Women (aged ≥18 years) enrolled in CareLink who were not up to date with Papanicolaou screening or actively obtaining Papanicolaou test appointments	Newsletters, public service announcements, automated client reminders including text messages, and community outreach	3-year cervical cancer screening rate
Capik and Gozum [55]	Erzurum, Turkey	Prostate	mHealth	Mixed (education and reminders)	75	Men (aged 41-65 years) working in 2 public institutions who had not received a prostate cancer diagnosis	Poster announcements, interactive educational session, access to website, desk calendar information and reminders, monthly email reminders, flyers, and 1 text message	Proportion having had a PSAf test in the last 3 months Proportion having had a prostate examination in the last 3 months

^amHealth: mobile health.

^bHPV: human papilloma virus.

^cCRC: colorectal cancer.

^dFOBT: fecal occult blood test.

^eLDCT: low-dose computed tomography.

^fPSA: prostate-specific antigen.