Table 2.
12-month prevalence rates and odds ratios by type of psychotropic medication
| Antidepressant | Anxiolytic | Hypnotic/sedative | Antipsychotic | Mood stabiliser | Psychostimulant | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | % | ORa (95% CI) | N | % | ORa (95% CI) | N | % | ORa (95% CI) | N | % | OR (95% CI) | N | % | OR (95% CI) | N | % | OR (95% CI) | |
| Total | 465 | 9.4 | – | 241 | 4.5 | – | 218 | 4.3 | – | 121 | 2.3 | – | 64 | 1.3 | – | 39 | 0.8 | – |
| Exclusive use | 231 | 5.0 | – | 65 | 1.1 | – | 80 | 1.7 | – | 13 | 0.3 | – | 4 | 0.1 | – | 5 | 0.1 | – |
| Gender | ||||||||||||||||||
| Male | 128 | 6.0 | Reference | 73 | 2.7 | Reference | 66 | 2.8 | Reference | 44 | 1.8 | – | 20 | 0.8 | – | 14 | 0.7 | – |
| Female | 337 | 12.5 | 1.8 (1.2–2.7)** | 168 | 6.1 | 1.4 (0.8–2.4) | 152 | 5.7 | 1.2 (0.7–2.2) | 77 | 2.8 | – | 44 | 1.7 | – | 25 | 1.0 | – |
| Age (years) | ||||||||||||||||||
| 18–34 | 84 | 6.1 | Reference | 30 | 2.0 | Reference | 31 | 2.3 | Reference | 12 | 0.8 | – | 7 | 0.6 | – | 3 | 0.3 | – |
| 35–49 | 152 | 10.7 | 1.8 (1.0–3.1)* | 71 | 4.6 | 2.0 (1.0–4.1) | 50 | 2.9 | 1.2 (0.5–3.0) | 33 | 2.3 | – | 14 | 0.9 | – | 9 | 0.8 | – |
| 50–64 | 172 | 14.8 | 2.7 (1.5–4.8)*** | 99 | 7.7 | 4.3 (2.0–9.3)*** | 73 | 6.2 | 3.9 (1.7–8.8)** | 52 | 4.4 | – | 25 | 2.0 | – | 20 | 2.0 | – |
| 65 + | 57 | 6.4 | 0.7 (0.4–1.6) | 41 | 4.7 | 1.5 (0.6–3.8) | 64 | 7.7 | 2.2 (0.7–6.8) | 24 | 2.5 | – | 18 | 2.2 | – | 7 | 1.0 | – |
| Marital status | ||||||||||||||||||
| Married | 231 | 8.7 | Reference | 118 | 3.9 | Reference | 84 | 2.9 | Reference | 50 | 2.3 | – | 35 | 1.3 | – | 21 | 0.8 | – |
| Never married | 94 | 7.0 | 0.7 (0.4–1.2) | 42 | 2.9 | 0.9 (0.5–1.6) | 47 | 3.6 | 2.3 (1.1–4.9)* | 32 | 2.3 | – | 13 | 0.9 | – | 8 | 0.6 | – |
| SWD | 140 | 16.9 | 1.3 (0.8–2.0) | 81 | 10.2 | 1.6 (1.0–2.8) | 87 | 11.4 | 2.9 (1.6–5.0)*** | 39 | 5.2 | – | 16 | 1.9 | – | 10 | 1.5 | – |
| Incomeb | ||||||||||||||||||
| Low | 81 | 11.8 | Reference | 42 | 5.6 | Reference | 29 | 4.8 | Reference | 23 | 2.7 | – | 7 | 0.7 | – | 6 | 0.7 | |
| Low-average | 74 | 11.0 | 0.9 (0.6–1.4) | 36 | 5.9 | 1.0 (0.5–1.8) | 36 | 4.6 | 0.9 (0.5–1.8) | 25 | 3.2 | – | 8 | 1.1 | – | 11 | 2.1 | – |
| High-average | 76 | 10.1 | 0.8 (0.5–1.3) | 37 | 3.9 | 0.7 (0.4–1.2) | 26 | 3.3 | 0.7 (0.4–1.5) | 15 | 1.8 | – | 9 | 1.2 | – | 5 | 0.5 | – |
| High | 30 | 4.9 | 0.4 (0.2–0.7)** | 10 | 1.3 | 0.2 (0.1–0.5)*** | 17 | 3.5 | 0.9 (0.4–2.1) | 3 | 0.6 | – | 6 | 0.8 | – | 2 | 0.5 | – |
| Education | ||||||||||||||||||
| Primary | 35 | 12.2 | Reference | 21 | 6.9 | Reference | 23 | 8.8 | Reference | 18 | 6.2 | – | 8 | 2.7 | – | 5 | 1.8 | – |
| Secondary | 286 | 10.1 | 0.7 (0.3–1.6) | 149 | 4.9 | 0.7 (0.3–1.6) | 131 | 4.3 | 0.4 (0.1–1.0)* | 75 | 2.5 | – | 37 | 1.2 | – | 28 | 1.1 | – |
| A-Level | 89 | 7.2 | 0.4 (0.2–1.1) | 50 | 3.5 | 0.5 (0.2–1.5) | 41 | 3.6 | 0.3 (0.1–1.1) | 17 | 1.3 | – | 13 | 1.2 | – | 5 | 0.4 | – |
| Tertiary | 55 | 9.2 | 0.5 (0.2–1.4) | 21 | 3.0 | 0.4 (0.2–1.2) | 23 | 3.1 | 0.5 (0.1–1.6) | 11 | 1.4 | – | 6 | 1.1 | – | 1 | 0.1 | – |
| Traumab | ||||||||||||||||||
| None | 61 | 5.8 | Reference | 27 | 2.3 | Reference | 21 | 2.1 | Reference | 11 | 1.1 | – | 10 | 0.8 | – | 4 | 0.5 | – |
| Non-conflict-related only | 70 | 11.6 | 1.3 (0.8–2.1) | 34 | 5.0 | 1.1 (0.6–2.2) | 30 | 5.7 | 2.0 (0.9–4.2) | 14 | 2.1 | – | 6 | 0.8 | – | 7 | 1.1 | – |
| Conflict-related | 130 | 12.3 | 1.6 (1.0–2.4)* | 64 | 5.7 | 1.5 (0.8–2.8) | 57 | 5.1 | 2.0 (1.1–3.7)* | 41 | 3.1 | – | 14 | 1.1 | – | 13 | 1.3 | – |
OR, odds ratios; CI, confidence interval; SWD, separated/widowed/divorced.
Raw numbers and weighted proportions reported throughout.
Odds ratios not calculated for antipsychotic, mood stabiliser or psychostimulant due to low counts.
*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.
aAdjusted odds ratios (controlling for all other variables in the model and any 12-month disorder).
bOnly assessed in participants who completed part 2 of the interview.