The phylogenetic tree of BlAga3 with homologous proteins from bifidobacteria was constructed by the neighbor-joining method using the aligned sequences; for the construction, the program Clustal W was implemented in the MEGA7 software. The protein names or locus tags are shown alongside Bifidobacterium strains as follows: B. adolescentis DSM 20083 Aga (GenBank ID: AAD30994.2), B. bifidum NCIMB 41171 MelA (ABD96085.1), B. breve 203 Aga (AAK96217.2), B. breve 203 Aga2 (ABB76662.1), B. longum DJO10A GalA1 (ACD98928.1), B. longum NCC2705 AgA (AAN25312.1), B. longum VMKB44 AglL (AAG02023.1), B. breve UCC2003 RafA (ABE96531.1), B. breve UCC2003 MelE (ABE96518.1), B. longum JCM1217 BLLJ_1872 (BAJ67536.1), B. longum JCM1217 BLLJ_1885 (BAJ67549.1), B. longum JCM7052 BlAga3 (BBV22622.1), B. longum JCM7052 BlAga1 (BBV24464.1), and B. longum JCM7052 BlAga2 (BBV24450.1). BlAga3 characterized in this study is enclosed in the dashed-line box.