Table 1.
Summary of clinical characteristics and outcomes of cohort studies.
| ECMO | Charlton et al. [28] | Cousin et al. [29] | Jäckel et al. [30] | Luyt et al. [14] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study design | Single-center, retrospective | Multi-center, retrospective | Single-center, retrospective | Single-center, retrospective |
| Country | UK | France | Germany | France |
| COVID-19 enrollment | April 2020–May 2020 | March 2020–May 2020 | April 2020–May 2020 | March 2020–April 2020 |
| Influenza enrollment | 2018–2019 | January 2014–May 2020 | October 2010–June 2020 | 2017–2020 |
| COVID-19 (N) | 34 | 30 | 15 | 50 |
| Influenza (N) | 26 | 22 | 47 | 45 |
| COVID-19 age (Y) | 46.30 ± 7.50 | 57.00 ± 11.11 | 60.80 ± 9.56 | 48.00 ± 10.37 |
| Influenza age (Y) | 43.10 ± 8.70 | 55.00 ± 8.89 | 52.70 ± 13.93 | 58.00 ± 11.85 |
| COVID-19 male N (%) | 27 (79.4) | 24 (80.0) | 11 (73.3) | 36 (72.0) |
| Influenza male N (%) | 18 (69.2) | 14 (63.6) | 28 (59.6) | 28 (62.2) |
| COVID-19 BMI (kg/m2) | 31.90 ± 6.00 | 33.00 ± 6.67 | 27.80 ± 4.67 | NR |
| Influenza BMI (kg/m2) | 30.60 ± 7.80 | 30.00 ± 5.93 | 27.50 ± 8.15 | NR |
| COVID-19 HTN N (%) | 8 (23.5) | 7 (31.8) | 5 (33.3) | NR |
| Influenza HTN N (%) | 5 (19.2) | 2 (9.1) | 20 (42.8) | NR |
| COVID-19 DM N (%) | 4 (11.8) | 10 (33.3) | 2 (13.3) | NR |
| Influenza DM N (%) | 2 (7.7) | 2 (9.1) | 8 (17.0) | NR |
| COVID-19 immunocompromised N (%) | NR | 3 (10.0) | 0 (0) | 1 (2.0) |
| Influenza immunocompromised N (%) | NR | 1 (4.5) | 8 (17.0) | 4 (8.9) |
| COVID-19 SOFA score | NR | 10.00 ± 3.70 | 10.00 ± 2.22 | 12.00 ± 2.96 |
| Influenza SOFA score | NR | 11.00 ± 3.70 | 8.00 ± 2.22 | 15.00 ± 5.19 |
| COVID-19 pre-ECMO pH | 7.30 ± 0.10 | 7.37 ± 0.07 | 7.30 ± 0.13 | NR |
| Influenzae pre-ECMO pH | 7.30 ± 0.20 | 7.35 ± 0.12 | 7.28 ± 0.12 | NR |
| COVID-19 ventilated pre-ECMO (D) | 4.90 ± 1.70 | 6.00 ± 3.70 | 4.60 ± 3.41 | 11.00 ± 5.19 |
| Influenzae ventilated pre-ECMO (D) | 2.40 ± 2.50 | 3.00 ± 2.96 | 1.10 ± 1.85 | 7.00 ± 2.96 |
| COVID-19 ECMO duration (D) | 13.20 ± 5.60 | 11.00 ± 5.19 | 11.30 ± 11.85 | 21.00 ± 17.78 |
| Influenzae ECMO duration (D) | 12.30 ± 8.00 | 11.00 ± 9.63 | 8.90 ± 7.63 | 18.00 ± 17.04 |
| COVID-19 mortality N (%) | 16 (47.1) | 16 (53.3) | 6 (40.0) | 17 (34.0) |
| Influenzae mortality N (%) | 8 (30.8) | 10 (45.5) | 27 (57.4) | 18 (40.0) |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; D, days; DM, diabetes mellitus; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; HTN, hypertension; N, numbers; SOFA, sequential organ failure assessment; Y, years.