Table 1.
Mitigation Measures Adopted by Ophthalmic Institutions around the World in 2020, at the Height of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
| Countries | Ophthalmologists |
Digital Health Solutions |
Outpatients |
Comments | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Face Mask | Gloves | Goggles | Cap | Slit-Lamp Shield | Temperature Screening | Digital Contact Tracing Measures | Virtual Clinic | Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Care | Digital Home Monitoring | Face Mask | Temperature Screening | Digital Contact Tracing Measures | ||
| Asia-Pacific | ||||||||||||||
| Australia | ||||||||||||||
| Sydney (Sydney Eye Hospital) | Y | O | O | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | Y | Y | Y | |
| Sydney (Westmead Hospital) | Y | N | N | N | Y | Y | Y | L | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Digital home-monitoring for IOP only |
| China | ||||||||||||||
| Beijing (Peking Union Medical College Hospital) | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | N | |
| Hong Kong (C-MER Dennis Lam & Eye Partners Eye Center) | Y | N | N | N | Y | Y | N | Y | N | N | Y | Y | N | |
| Shenzhen (C-MER [Shenzhen] Dennis Lam Eye Hospital) | Y | N | N | N | Y | Y | N | Y | N | N | Y | Y | N | |
| India | ||||||||||||||
| Chennai (Sankara Nethralaya) | Y | N | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | |
| Indonesia | ||||||||||||||
| Jakarta (Jakarta Eye Center) | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | Y | Y | Y | |
| Israel | ||||||||||||||
| Tel Aviv (Tel Aviv Medical Center) | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | N | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | |
| Japan | ||||||||||||||
| Kagoshima (Kagoshima University Hospital) | Y | O | N | N | Y | Y | N | N | N | N | Y | Y | N | |
| Osaka (Osaka University Hospital) | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | Y | N | Y | |
| Tokyo (Tokyo Medical and Dental University) | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | |
| Singapore | ||||||||||||||
| Singapore (Singapore National Eye Centre) | Y | N | N | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | L | Y | Y | Y | |
| Taiwan | ||||||||||||||
| Taoyuan (Chang Gung Memorial Hospital) | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | |
| Thailand | ||||||||||||||
| Bangkok (Rajavithi Eye Clinic, Rajavithi Hospital) | Y | O | O | O | Y | Y | N | N | N | N | Y | Y | Y | |
| Europe | ||||||||||||||
| Denmark | ||||||||||||||
| Odense (Odense University Hospital) | Y | N | N | N | Y | N | N | N | N | N | Y | N | N | |
| Germany | ||||||||||||||
| Heidelberg (Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University) | Y | N | N | N | Y | N | N | N | N | N | Y | N | N | |
| Italy | ||||||||||||||
| Forlì (Ospedali Privati Forlì “Villa Igea”) | Y | Y | N | N | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | Y | Y | Y | |
| Spain | ||||||||||||||
| Barcelona (Institut Clinic de Oftalmologia, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona) | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | Y | N | N | Y | Y | N | |
| United Kingdom | ||||||||||||||
| Cambridge (Addenbrooke's Hospital) | Y | Y | N | N | Y | N | N | Y | N | N | Y | N | N | |
| Liverpool (St. Paul's Eye Unit) | Y | Y | N | N | Y | N | Y | Y | N | N | Y | N | Y | |
| London (Moorfields Eye Hospital) | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | N | Y | N | N | Y | Y | N | |
| United States of America | ||||||||||||||
| Atlanta, GA (Emory Eye Center) | Y | N | Y | N | Y | Y | N | Y | N | N | Y | Y | N | |
| Boston, MA (Massachusetts Eye and Ear) | Y | N | Y | N | Y | N | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | N | Y | |
| Cleveland, OH (Cleveland Clinic) | Y | N | N | N | Y | Y | N | Y | N | N | Y | Y | N | |
| Durham, NC (Duke Eye Center) | Y | O | O | O | Y | Y | N | O | N | N | Y | Y | N | |
| Los Angeles, CA (USC Roski Eye Institute) | Y | Y | N | N | Y | N | N | Y | N | N | Y | Y | Y | |
| Miami, FL (Bascom Palmer Eye Institute) | Y | N | N | N | Y | N | N | Y | N | Y | Y | N | N | |
| Milwaukee, WI (The Eye Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin) | Y | N | N | N | Y | Y | N | Y | N | N | Y | Y | N | |
| Omaha, NE (Truhlsen Eye Institute) | Y | N | Y | N | Y | Y | N | Y | N | N | Y | Y | N | |
| Palo Alto, CA (Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine) | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | |
| Philadelphia, PA (Wills Eye Hospital) | Y | Y | N | N | Y | Y | N | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | N | |
IOP = intraocular pressure; L = limited; N = no; O = optional; USC = University of Southern California; Y = yes.
Vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was not available until December 2020. In some locations, vaccination against COVID-19 started in December 2020. However, this table represents mitigation measures and practice patterns in mid 2020, at the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic, and therefore vaccination has not been included in this table for any of these institutes. Mitigation measures and practice patterns are specific to the ophthalmic institutions listed in this table, and are not representative of other ophthalmic institutions in the respective cities or countries.