Table 1.
Baseline sample characteristics by completion of post-hospital follow-up provider visits within 7-days of discharge
| POSH | TPOSH | Non-POSH | No Visit | Total | Max Std Diff | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
n = 56,383 (26.4%) |
n = 9009 (4.2%) |
n = 69,997 (32.8%) |
n = 78,124 (36.6%) |
n = 213,513 | Not Wgtd |
Wgtd | |
| Socio-demographics | |||||||
| Age | 66.5 (16.4) | 69.5 (16.2) | 58.9 (17.8) | 57.8 (18.6) | 60.9 (18.1) | 0.68 | 0.05 |
| Female | 27,203 (48.2%) | 4857 (53.9%) | 36,903 (52.7%) | 45,197 (57.9%) | 114,160 (53.5%) | 0.10 | 0.01 |
| Race/Ethnicity | |||||||
| Asian | 5042 (8.9%) | 721 (8%) | 6432 (9.2%) | 6459 (8.3%) | 18,654 (8.7%) | 0.01 | 0.00 |
| Black | 6440 (11.4%) | 1446 (16.1%) | 7434 (10.6%) | 9146 (11.7%) | 24,466 (11.5%) | 0.05 | 0.01 |
| Hispanic | 18,788 (33.3%) | 2517 (27.9%) | 24,815 (35.5%) | 28,760 (36.8%) | 74,880 (35.1%) | 0.09 | 0.01 |
| Other | 1041 (1.8%) | 155 (1.7%) | 1385 (2%) | 1554 (2%) | 4135 (1.9%) | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| White | 25,072 (44.5%) | 4170 (46.3%) | 29,931 (42.8%) | 32,205 (41.2%) | 91,378 (42.8%) | 0.05 | 0.01 |
| Marital status: Partnered | 32,842 (58.2%) | 4622 (51.3%) | 42,151 (60.2%) | 44,166 (56.5%) | 123,781 (58%) | 0.09 | 0.01 |
| Education: < College | 41,216 (73.1%) | 6504 (72.2%) | 50,048 (71.5%) | 56,640 (72.5%) | 154,370 (72.3%) | 0.09 | 0.05 |
| Household income: >$20,000 | 48,602 (86.2%) | 7667 (85.1%) | 60,477 (86.4%) | 67,187 (86.0%) | 184,048 (86.2%) | 0.15 | 0.06 |
| Spoken language: English | 48,993 (86.9%) | 8108 (90%) | 62,222 (88.9%) | 69,453 (88.9%) | 188,776 (88.4%) | 0.03 | 0.02 |
| Insurance typea | |||||||
| Commercial/private pay | 21,503 (38.1%) | 2772 (30.8%) | 37,651 (53.8%) | 43,070 (55.1%) | 104,996 (49.2%) | 0.24 | 0.02 |
| Dual | 3215 (5.7%) | 591 (6.6%) | 2450 (3.5%) | 2907 (3.7%) | 9163 (4.3%) | 0.03 | 0.01 |
| Medicaid | 2493 (4.4%) | 392 (4.4%) | 3838 (5.5%) | 4754 (6.1%) | 11,477 (5.4%) | 0.02 | 0.01 |
| Medicare | 29,160 (51.7%) | 5250 (58.3%) | 26,035 (37.2%) | 27,330 (35%) | 87,775 (41.1%) | 0.23 | 0.02 |
| Received medical financial assistance in prior year | 4590 (8.1%) | 941 (10.4%) | 5163 (7.4%) | 5035 (6.4%) | 15,729 (7.4%) | 0.04 | 0.00 |
| Health and Behavior Before Hospitalization | |||||||
| Clinic no show rate (at least once) | 34,084 (60.5%) | 6185 (68.7%) | 43,594 (62.3%) | 47,297 (60.5%) | 131,160 (61.4%) | 0.08 | 0.01 |
| Charlson comorbidity indexb | 4.7 (3.08) | 5.5 (3.14) | 3.8 (2.99) | 3.4 (2.94) | 4.0 (3.07) | 0.68 | 0.03 |
| Myocardial infarction | 9635 (17.1%) | 1727 (19.2%) | 7030 (10%) | 6703 (8.6%) | 25,095 (11.8%) | – | – |
| Congestive heart failure | 13,396 (23.8%) | 2684 (29.8%) | 9295 (13.3%) | 8613 (11%) | 33,988 (15.9%) | – | – |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 26,973 (47.8%) | 5236 (58.1%) | 22,050 (31.5%) | 22,215 (28.4%) | 76,474 (35.8%) | – | – |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 12,175 (21.6%) | 2358 (26.2%) | 9105 (13%) | 9833 (12.6%) | 33,471 (15.7%) | – | – |
| Dementia | 3536 (6.3%) | 1134 (12.6%) | 1940 (2.8%) | 3357 (4.3%) | 9967 (4.7%) | – | – |
| Rheumatic disease | 3937 (7%) | 710 (7.9%) | 3692 (5.3%) | 3711 (4.8%) | 12,050 (5.6%) | – | – |
| Peptic ulcer disease | 3779 (6.7%) | 687 (7.6%) | 3094 (4.4%) | 3296 (4.2%) | 10,856 (5.1%) | – | – |
| Mild liver disease | 8727 (15.5%) | 1499 (16.6%) | 9095 (13%) | 9301 (11.9%) | 28,622 (13.4%) | – | – |
| Moderate or severe liver disease | 1355 (2.4%) | 236 (2.6%) | 890 (1.3%) | 837 (1.1%) | 3318 (1.6%) | – | – |
| Diabetes without chronic complication | 7821 (13.9%) | 1159 (12.9%) | 8766 (12.5%) | 9464 (12.1%) | 27,210 (12.7%) | – | – |
| Diabetes with chronic complication | 18,284 (32.4%) | 3201 (35.5%) | 14,142 (20.2%) | 12,878 (16.5%) | 48,505 (22.7%) | – | – |
| Hemiplegia or paraplegia | 2909 (5.2%) | 740 (8.2%) | 2211 (3.2%) | 2721 (3.5%) | 8581 (4%) | – | – |
| Renal disease | 20,089 (35.6%) | 3776 (41.9%) | 14,696 (21%) | 14,609 (18.7%) | 53,170 (24.9%) | – | – |
| Any malignancy (lymphomas, leukemias etc) | 8825 (15.7%) | 1788 (19.8%) | 11,963 (17.1%) | 9563 (12.2%) | 32,139 (15.1%) | – | – |
| Metastatic solid tumor | 3343 (5.9%) | 830 (9.2%) | 4578 (6.5%) | 3006 (3.8%) | 11,757 (5.5%) | – | – |
| AIDS/HIV | 236 (0.4%) | 51 (0.6%) | 281 (0.4%) | 244 (0.3%) | 812 (0.4%) | – | – |
| Frailty index | 8.8 (6.65) | 11.1 (8.35) | 6.1 (6.05) | 5.7 (6.44) | 6.9 (6.65) | ||
| Low risk < 5 | 18,052 (32%) | 2310 (25.6%) | 37,893 (54.1%) | 46,855 (60%) | 105,110 (49.2%) | 0.34 | 0.01 |
| Intermediate risk 5–14 | 29,643 (52.6%) | 4366 (48.5%) | 26,225 (37.5%) | 24,610 (31.5%) | 84,844 (39.7%) | 0.21 | 0.01 |
| High Risk 15+ | 8688 (15.4%) | 2333 (25.9%) | 5879 (8.4%) | 6659 (8.5%) | 23,559 (11%) | 0.17 | 0.01 |
Values are presented as either mean (SD) or n (column %), unless otherwise indicated
POSH Post-hospital follow-up clinic visit, TPOSH Post-hospital follow-up telephone visit, nonPOSH visit not related to post-hospital follow-up
Wgtd Weighted maximum standardized differences across groups
a Missingness < 0.1
bWeighting only done on index, not individual conditions