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. 2021 May 11;17(9):605–618. doi: 10.1038/s41581-021-00418-2

Fig. 5. Potential monitoring approach for patients who experience PO-AKI or PO-AKD.

Fig. 5

Limited data are available to inform the timing and nature of monitoring for patients who experience postoperative acute kidney injury (PO-AKI) or postoperative acute kidney disease (PO-AKD). We suggest that these patients should have their kidney function checked within 1 month of hospital discharge to confirm the extent of recovery or progression of kidney disease. Those with persistent kidney dysfunction at 90 days should be formally assessed for the development or progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The degree of nephrology involvement in follow-up monitoring should increase with the duration and severity of AKI or AKD commensurate with the risk of developing CKD. Patients with less severe AKI or AKD can be monitored in primary care or by the base specialist and referred for nephrology care if needed according to CKD guidelines. Future research is needed to clarify the optimal timings and methods to provide post-AKI or AKD care. Adapted from Acute Disease Quality Initiative 24, www.ADQI.org, CC BY 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/).