Table 1.
Definitions
| Infectiona,b | Definition |
|---|---|
| Bloodstream infection | – One pathogenic organism identified in a blood culture – For commensal organisms: identification in 2 separate blood cultures or in a single blood culture collected when a CVC was present and the patient was treated with at least 5 d of antibiotics after culture (indicating clinician suspicion of true infection). |
| Central-line–associated infection | Bloodstream infection in the presence of a CVC or within 3 d after removal |
| Respiratory infection | Commensal organisms considered contaminants; possible pathogenic organisms considered positive respiratory culture consistent with infection |
| Probable community-onset pneumonia | Discharge diagnosis of pneumonia plus antibiotics plus ≥2 clinical symptoms and imaging findings consistent with pneumonia |
| Possible community-onset pneumonia | A positive culture or non–culture-based testing without meeting all clinical criteria for probable CAP |
| Probable hospital-acquired pneumonia | All of the following: (1) pathogenic bacteria (culture or non–culture-based testing for Legionella, mycoplasma, and Streptococcus pneumonia), and on the day of or day prior to culture or non–culture-based testing, (2) increase in oxygen requirement, and (3) either white blood cell count >12,000 cells/mL, <4,000 cells/mL or temperature >38.0°C |
| Possible hospital-acquired pneumonia | A positive culture or non–culture-based testing without meeting all clinical criteria for probable HAP |
| Ventilator-associated pneumonia | A positive respiratory culture collected while on mechanical ventilation for ≥3 d |
Note. CVC, central venous catheter; CAP, community-acquired pneumonia; HAP, hospital-acquired pneumonia.
a
A coinfection was defined as a positive respiratory or blood culture with a pathogenic organism, following National Health Safety Network (NHSN) criteria.
b
Bloodstream or respiratory infection occurring within the first 3 d of hospitalization (to ˜48 h) were classified as community-onset infection. Cultures occurring later were defined as hospital-acquired infection.