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. 2021 Aug 16;12:4946. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-25034-3

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© The Author(s) 2021

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Fig. 1 — Bio-derived HMF can be chemically and/or enzymatically converted to various other furans that are useful as intermediates or monomers. HMF, 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural. DFF, 2,5-diformylfuran. HMF-OH, 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan. BAMF, 2,5-bis(aminomethyl)furan. FDCA, 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid.