Fig. 5. The model explains border cells.

a Rate maps for a representative border cell in different boxes; adapted from Solstad et al.⁴¹ with permission from AAAS. b Columns of the matrix required to update the DR matrix to account for the wall resemble border cells. Four example columns from a 20 × 20 maze are plotted. See also Supplementary Fig. 2. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.