Table 3.

List of potential outcome measurements

Category	Source	Measure
Comparison to national norms	USMLE Step 1 USMLE Step 2 CK USMLE Step 2 CS	Mean, standard deviation, and first-time pass rate Each has more detailed results by domains (e.g., communication on Step 2 CS)
	AAMC	Graduation Questionnaire (GQ) Second-year survey (Y2Q)
Internal metrics	Internal metrics	● Matriculated students who graduate ● Matriculated students who graduate in 4 years ● Attrition rate ● Number of students going on leave of absence ● Failure of courses (or incomplete) ● Students repeating courses (students repeating years) ● Dismissal or withdrawal ● Professional concerns ● Matching/not matching (SOAP) ● Matching to top 3 programs
	Admission metrics	● MCAT and GPA ● In-state residency ● Underrepresented in medicine ● Additional degrees ● Number of students applying/interviewing, offer admission, and accepting admission (yield)
Learning environment and mistreatment	Various measures Clerkship evaluation Graduation Questionnaire (GQ)	● Medical student learning environment survey (supportiveness) ● Burnout ● Wellness or distress instruments ● Emotional climate ● Student-faculty interaction ● Official mistreatment reporting ● GQ mistreatment reports ● Internal mistreatment surveys
Internal performance	Student performance	● Grades or scores in courses or clerkships ● Evaluation of graduates from interns and program directors ● Number of grades in each category, number of students failing clinical course of clerkship
Internal evaluation	Student surveys	Student course evaluations Evaluations of faculty Annual surveys