Table 6.
Levels of immunological parameters among confirmed cases and controls
| Parameters | Mean ± standard deviation | p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Controls (n = 149a) | Rural (n = 83) | Urban cases (n = 66) | ||
| TNF-α (pg/mL) | 83.9 ± 46.51 | 284.9 ± 93* | 392.6 ± 149.6* | < 0.001 |
| IL-12 (pg/mL) | 75.92 ± 17.42 | 102.8 ± 52.8* | 130.2 ± 40.6* | < 0.001 |
| IL-10 (pg/mL) | 190.5 ± 63.2 | 158.8 ± 44.2* | 110.6 ± 41.3* | < 0.001 |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 71.7 ± 17.19 | 186.3 ± 35.3* | 239.6 ± 80.3* | < 0.001 |
| CD4+ T-cells (cells/µL) | 944 ± 244 | 703 ± 110* | 511 ± 175* | < 0.001 |
| CD3+ T-cells (cells/µL) | 1533 ± 254 | 1840 ± 431* | 1630 ± 330* | < 0.001 |
| CD8+ T-cells (cells/µL) | 588 ± 273 | 1337 ± 359 | 1149 ± 345 | < 0.001 |
| CD4+/ CD3+ ratio | 0.62 ± 0.69 | 0.38 ± 0.25* | 0.31 ± 0.19* | < 0.001 |
*Significant differences between rural and urban parameters, a The control values presented in the table were mean values of all the control cases selected from both rural and urban communities