Table 1. Main characteristics of studies included in the meta-analysis.
| First author, Year | Group | n (M/F) | Age in years | BMI in kg/m2 | Country | Study design | Diagnose of NAFLD | Biopsy on controls | Measurement method of resistin | NOS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Argentou et al. 200910 | Control | 9 (2/7) | 37.11±9.78 | 55.22±8.6 | Greece | Cross sectional | Liver biopsy | Yes | ELISA | 8 |
| NAFLD | 41 (15/26) | 38.88±9.19 | 56.70±8.06 | |||||||
| SS | 31 (9/22) | 38.06±9.23 | 56.27±8.45 | |||||||
| NASH | 10 (6/4) | 41.04±9.07 | 58.02±6.99 | |||||||
| Auguet et al. 201320 | Control | 19 | 44.1±10.7 | 49.5±7.0 | Spain | Case-control | Liver biopsy | Yes | ELISA | 6 |
| NAFLD | 69 | 46.79±10.3 | 48.2±6.6 | |||||||
| Auguet et al. 201426 | Control | 16 | 44±3.2 | 48.6±2.6 | Spain | Cross sectional | Liver biopsy | Yes | ELISA | 7 |
| SS | 28 | 47.4±3.5 | 48.1±7.8 | |||||||
| NASH | 28 | 45.9±1.4 | 47.5±5.4 | |||||||
| Bostrom et al. 201119 | Control | 40 (10/30) | 44 (24–67) | NA | Sweden | Case-control | Liver biopsy | No | ELISA | 4 |
| NAFLD | 50 (37/13) | 48 (24–65) | NA | |||||||
| Pagano et al. 200615 | Control | 33 (30/3) | 42±3 | 26.9±1.0 | Italy | Case-control | Liver biopsy | No | ELISA | 8 |
| NAFLD | 28 (26/2) | 45±2 | 27.3±0.6 | |||||||
| Cengiz et al. 201018 | Control | 24 | 38±10 | 25.6±1.1 | Turkey | Case-control | Liver biopsy | No | ELISA | 7 |
| NAFLD | 76 | 39±9 | 30.1±4.5 | |||||||
| Eminler et al. 201421 | Control | 40 (18/22) | NA | NA | Turkey | Cross sectional | Liver biopsy | No | ELISA | 6 |
| NAFLD | 40 (21/19) | NA | NA | |||||||
| Floreani et al. 200832 | Control | 137 (12/125) | 60.2±10.4 | NA | USA | Case-control | Liver biopsy | No | ELISA | 4 |
| NASH | 30 (0/30) | 49.9±3.7 | 24.5±2.8 | |||||||
| Musso et al. 200528 | Control | 25 (23/2) | 38±2 | 25.2±0.6 | Italy | Case-control | Liver biopsy | No | ELISA | 7 |
| NASH | 25 (23/2) | 37±2 | 25.3±0.2 | |||||||
| Jarrar et al. 200812 | Control | 38 (5/33) | 40±9.5 | 47.5±9.4 | USA | Case-control | Liver biopsy | Yes | ELISA | 6 |
| NAFLD | 45 (13/32) | NA | NA | |||||||
| SS | 19 (2/17) | 37±9.2 | 47.2±7.5 | |||||||
| NASH | 26 (11/15) | 43.9±11.4 | 47.5±8.3 | |||||||
| Jiang et al. 200934 | Control | 43 | 51.1±12.5 | 24.81±1.91 | China | Case-control | Ultrasound | No | ELISA | 7 |
| NAFLD | 43 | 52.6±10.8 | 25.75±1.91 | |||||||
| Jamali et al. 201631 | Control | 18 (13/5) | 30.44±10.11 | 29.28±3.89 | Iran | Case-control | Liver biopsy | No | ELISA | 7 |
| NAFLD | 18 (13/5) | 34.5±8.85 | 31.58±3.94 | |||||||
| Krawczyk et al. 200933 | Control | 16 | NA | 22.6±2.5 | Poland | Case-control | Liver biopsy | No | ELISA | 6 |
| NASH | 18 (16/2) | 42.55±21 | 26.6±4 | |||||||
| Musso et al. 201335 | Control | 51 (33/18) | 56±1 | 26±0.3 | Italy | Cross sectional | Ultrasound | No | ELISA | 7 |
| NAFLD | 161 (101/60) | 56±1 | 27.3±0.5 | |||||||
| Magalhaes et al. 201436 | Control | 36 | 37.9±1.3 | 36.7 (30.3–55.4) | Brazil | Cross sectional | Ultrasound | No | ELISA | 5 |
| NAFLD | 24 | 39.5±1.6 | 39.4 (30.3–63.2) | |||||||
| Musso et al. 201738 | Control | 75 (61/14) | 50±1 | 25.9±0.2 | Italy | Cross sectional | Ultrasound | No | ELISA | 7 |
| NAFLD | 230 (59/171) | 49±1 | 25.7±0.3 | |||||||
| Musso et al. 201225 | Control | 40 | 50±3 | 25.1±1.6 | USA | Case-control | Liver biopsy | No | ELISA | 7 |
| SS | 20 | 47±4 | 25.1±1.5 | |||||||
| NASH | 20 | 47±4 | 25.2±1.6 | |||||||
| Perseghin et al. 200639 | Control | 47 (38/9) | 36±8 | 26.8±3 | USA | Case-control | NA | No | ELISA | 6 |
| NAFLD | 28 (24/4) | 35±8 | 27.1±3.9 | |||||||
| Polyzos et al. 201627 | Control | 25 (5/20) | 53.6±1.8 | 30.5±0.8 | Greece | Cross sectional | Liver biopsy | No | ELISA | 7 |
| SS | 15 (5/10) | 53.9±2.6 | 31.9±1.3 | |||||||
| NASH | 14 (2/12) | 54.8±1.6 | 33.9±1.6 | |||||||
| D’Incao et al. 201729 | Control | 4 | 38.5±10.85 | 49±6.73 | Brazil | Cross sectional | Liver biopsy | Yes | ELISA | 7 |
| SS | 9 | 39.08±9.63 | 53.19±9.44 | |||||||
| NASH | 12 | 49.45±6.71 | 47.53±6.33 | |||||||
| Jamali et al. 201623 | SS | 2 (2/0) | 27±2.82 | 28.09±7.77 | Iran | Cross sectional | Liver biopsy | Yes | ELISA | 6 |
| NASH | 28 (17/11) | 35±8.47 | 29.92±3.79 | |||||||
| Sanal et al. 200917 | Control | 18 | 44±8 | NA | India | Case-control | Liver biopsy | No | ELISA | 6 |
| NAFLD | 56 | 43±14 | NA | |||||||
| Senates et al. 20129 | Control | 66 (33/33) | 39±9 | 23±4 | Turkey | Case-control | Liver biopsy | No | ELISA | 7 |
| NAFLD | 97 (55/42) | 41±10 | 31±6 | |||||||
| Shen et al. 201422 | Control | 43 (29/14) | 45±14 | 22±1.8 | China | Cross sectional | Liver biopsy | No | ELISA | 7 |
| NAFLD | 58 (38/20) | NA | NA | |||||||
| Wong et al. 200616 | Control | 41 (17/24) | 42±10 | 24.1±6.8 | China | Case-control | Liver biopsy | No | ELISA | 7 |
| NAFLD | 80 (52/28) | 45±9 | 29±4.8 | |||||||
| Younossi et al. 201130 | SS | 39 (3/36) | 40.51±10.28 | NA | USA | Cross sectional | Liver biopsy | Yes | ELISA | 7 |
| NASH | 40 (15/25) | 44.08±10.05 | NA | |||||||
| Zhu et al. 201637 | Control | 86 (57/29) | 52.98±13.07 | 22.86±2.94 | China | Case-control | Ultrasound | No | ELISA | 7 |
| NAFLD | 86 (57/29) | 53±13.24 | 26.16±3.33 | |||||||
| Younossi et al. 200824 | Control | 32 (13/19) | 39.3±9.8 | 47±9.1 | USA | Cross sectional | Liver biopsy | Yes | ELISA | 7 |
| SS | 15 (1/14) | 37.4±8.3 | 45.7±4.8 | |||||||
| NASH | 22 (9/13) | 42.5±10.4 | 48.2±8.7 |
Data are presented in numbers or mean±SD or medians and interquartile ranges. BMI, body mass index; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; NA, not available.