Table 5.

Fetal or neonatal Outcomes, According to Study Group

Outcomes	24 January – 31 March 2020	24 January – 31 March 2019	P Value
Median gestational age at delivery (Mean ± SD) — wk	39.26 ± 1.42 (n = 589)	39.08 ± 1.63 (n = 733)	0.04*
Full-term birth — no./total no. (%)	560/589 (95.08)	681/733 (92.91)	0.77
Premature birth — no./total no. (%)	29/589 (4.92)	51/733 (6.96)	0.15
Median birth weight (Mean ± SD) — kg	3.21 ± 0.43 (n = 589)	3.22 ± 1.32 (n = 733)	0.86
Median birth length (Mean ± SD) — cm	49.64 ± 1.81 (n = 589)	49.45 ± 2.15 (n = 733)	0.11
Low birth weight infant	13/589 (2.21)	19/733 (2.60)	0.66
Adverse fetal	7/589 (1.19)	11/733 (1.50)	0.63
Adverse neonatal outcomes — no./total no. (%)
Admission to NICU	122/589 (20.71)	157/733 (21.42)	0.80
Infection	27/589 (4.58)	59/733 (8.05)	0.02*
Shock	1/589 (0.17)	4/733 (0.55)	0.27
Sepsis	1/589 (0.17)	5/733 (0.68)	0.17
Apgar score < 7 after 1 min	10/589 (1.70)	20/733 (2.73)	0.22
Asphyxia	1/589 (0.17)	1/733 (0.14)	0.88
NRDS	5/589 (0.85)	11/733 (1.50)	0.29
Patent foramen ovale	21/589 (3.57)	44/733 (6.00)	< 0.001***
Patent ductus arteriosus	14/589 (2.38)	17/733 (2.32)	0.95
Macrosomia	11/589 (1.87)	25/733 (3.41)	0.10
Myocardial damage	43/589 (7.30)	60/733 (8.19)	0.58
Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia	66/589 (11.21)	95/733 (13.00)	0.39
Hypoalbuminemia	18/589 (3.06)	33/733 (4.5)	0.19
Hypocalcemia	11/589 (1.87)	24/733 (3.27)	0.12
25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency	16/589 (2.72)	1/733 (0.14)	< 0.001***
Zinc deficiency	46/589 (7.81)	20/733 (2.73)	< 0.001***
Neonatal polycythemia	8/589 (1.36)	3/733 (0.41)	0.06
G6PD deficiency	3/589 (0.51)	2/733 (0.27)	0.49
Caput succedaneum	27/589 (4.58)	26/733 (3.55)	0.36

Differences between the groups were assessed with the use of the Mann–Whitney U test for gestational age; the use of the t test for full-term birth and premature birth; the use of the chi-square test for other test index. *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001. NICU: neonatal intensive care unit; NRDS: neonatal respiratory distress syndrome; G6PD: Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase