Table 4. Clinical characteristics of fatal cases.

Patient ID	Sex	Age	Diagnosis	Underlying disease	Pathogen	Laboratory results						EF, %	Treatment		Intensive treatment				Mortality
						WBC, /µL	CRP, mg/dL	CK-MB, ng/mL	Troponin I, ng/mL	BNP, pg/mL	Pro-BNP, pg/mL		IVIG	Steroid	Admission to PICU	Ventilator	ECMO	Heart transplantation	14 days	28 days	In-hospital	Cause
SMC-17	M	9 mon	Myocarditis	TOF	Unknown	21,280	0.03	9	2.37	NA	35,000	Severely decreased LV contractility	Yes	Yes	HD 1	Yes	Yes	No		Yes	HD 23	TOF
SMC-31	M	9 yr	Myocarditis	Infantile SMA	Unknown	8,960	0.03	118	2.65	NA	395	NA	No	No	HD 1	Yes	No	No	Yes		HD 2	Myocarditis
SMC-32	F	3 mon	Myocarditis	No	M. pneumoniae	9,550	0.10	3	7.85	NA	35,000	15	No	Yes	HD 1	Yes	Yes	No			HD 31	Myocarditis
SMC-52	F	4 yr	Myocarditis	No	Enterovirus	43,090	0.08	54	29.43	NA	1,227	34	No	No	HD 1	Yes	Yes	No		Yes	HD 28	Myocarditis
SNU-9	F	1 mon	Myocarditis	No	Unknown	4,310	0.15	1	0.59	4,996	NA	29	Yes	No	HD 1	Yes	No	No			HD 50	DCMP
SNU-11	M	1 yr	Myocarditis	46, XY, del(7)(q31, 2q34)	Unknown	20,900	0.02	17	0.17	5,037	NA	26	No	No	HD 1	Yes	No	No			HD 124	DCMP
SNU-12	M	4 mon	Myocarditis	No	Unknown	10,180	0.03	4	6.43	4,901	NA	24	Yes	No	HD 1	Yes	Yes	No			HD 301	DCMP
SNU-16	F	20 days	Myocarditis	DORV	Unknown	19,950	0.35	126	17.13	2,129	NA	27	Yes	No	HD 1	Yes	No	No			HD 31	DORV
SNU-20	M	14 days	Myocarditis	No	Unknown	15,430	0.55	0	NA	NA	NA	24	No	No	HD 1	Yes	Yes	No	Yes		HD 7	Cardiac arrest
SNU-41	F	12 yr	Myocarditis	SMA	S. aureus	6,420	41.52	149	2.94	13,795	NA	47	Yes	Yes	HD 1	Yes	No	No	Yes		HD 6	Septic shock
SNU-45	F	2 yr	Myocarditis	Prematurity	Unknown	9,700	0.08	33	0.05	NA	NA	26	Yes	Yes	HD 24	Yes	Yes	No			HD 52	DCMP

SMC = Samsung Medical Center, M = male, F = female, SNU = Seoul National University Children's Hospital, TOF = tetralogy of Fallot, SMA = spinal muscular atrophy, DORV = double outlet right ventricle, NA = not available, WBC = white blood cell, CRP = C-reactive protein, BNP = brain natriuretic peptide, EF = ejection fraction, LV = left ventricle, IVIG = intravenous immunoglobulin, PICU = pediatric intensive care unit, ECMO = extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, DCMP = dilated cardiomyopathy, HD = hospital day.