Table 1.
Patients' clinical and radiological features.
|
EpAD
(n = 29) |
NepAD
(n = 38) |
Statistics (p-value) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female (n, %) | 12 (41.4) | 19 (50) | 0.5a |
| Education, years (mean ± SD) | 11.6 (±2.8) | 11.1 (±2.5) | 0.4b |
| Age at onset of cognitive decline, years (mean ± SD) | 69.4 (±9.9) | 64.3 (±7.2) | 0.003b |
| EOAD/LOAD (n, %) | 5 (17.2)/24 (82.8) | 13 (34.2)/25 (65.8) | 0.12a |
| Age at diagnosis of prodromal AD, years (mean ± SD) | 72.8 (±8.7) | 67.5 (±7.4) | 0.001b |
| MMSE at baseline (/30) | 26 (±2.4) | 26.3 (±2.1) | 0.5b |
| Family history of degenerative diseases (n, %) | 11 (37.9) | 22 (57.9) | 0.1a |
| Hypertension (n, %) | 17 (58.6) | 11 (28.95) | 0.01a |
| Dyslipidemia (n, %) | 17 (58.6) | 15 (39.5) | 0.1a |
| Diabetes (n, %) | 6 (20.7) | 5 (13.2) | 0.4a |
| Smoking (n, %) | 12 (41.4) | 17 (44.7) | 0.8a |
| Alcohol (n, %) | 2 (6.9) | 3 (7.9) | 0.9a |
| Imaging features | |||
| Hippocampal atrophy right (mean ± SD) | 1.2 (±0.8) | 1.2 (±1.0) | 0.8b |
| Hippocampal atrophy left (mean ± SD) | 1.2 (±0.9) | 1.3 (±0.9) | 1.0b |
| Subcortical lacunes (n, %) | 5 (17.2) | 3 (7.9) | 0.2c |
| Subcortical microbleeds (n, %) | 4 (14.8) | 5 (14.7) | 1.0c |
| Fazekas score (mean ± SD) | 1.4 (±0.9) | 0.95 (0.7) | 0.05b |
| ChEI at AD diagnosis (n, %) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | – |
EOAD, early-onset Alzheimer's disease; LOAD, late-onset Alzheimer's disease; a, Chi-square test; b, Mann–Whitney test; c, Fischer's exact test; d, Student's test; ChEI, Cholinesterase inhibitors.
Significantly different values between epADs and nepADs appear in bold.