Table 1. . Demographics and clinical characteristics of the overall study population and study cohorts stratified by the type of the first locoregional therapy received.
| Characteristic | Overall study population (n = 2101) | Ablative therapy (n = 360) | Embolization therapy (n = 1215) | Radiation therapy (n = 182) | Multiple LRTs (n = 344) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 63.9 (9.4) | 63.4 (9.2) | 63.4 (9.2) | 65.8 (11.9) | 64.9 (8.6) | 0.001 |
| Age group, n (%) | 0.001 | |||||
| 18–34 | 12 (0.6) | 5 (1.4) | 7 (0.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| 35–44 | 32 (1.5) | 4 (1.1) | 17 (1.4) | 9 (5.0) | 2 (0.6) | |
| 45–54 | 183 (8.7) | 29 (8.1) | 114 (9.4) | 14 (7.7) | 26 (7.6) | |
| 55–64 | 1101 (52.4) | 199 (55.3) | 649 (53.4) | 78 (42.9) | 175 (50.9) | |
| 65–69 | 282 (13.4) | 46 (12.8) | 166 (13.7) | 17 (9.3) | 53 (15.4) | |
| 70–74 | 198 (9.4) | 34 (9.4) | 110 (9.1) | 17 (9.3) | 37 (10.8) | |
| 75–79 | 140 (6.7) | 22 (6.1) | 76 (6.3) | 16 (8.8) | 26 (7.6) | |
| ≥80 | 153 (7.3) | 21 (5.8) | 76 (6.3) | 31 (17.0) | 25 (7.3) | |
| Gender, n (%) | 0.001 | |||||
| Male | 1576 (75.0) | 259 (71.9) | 925 (76.1) | 118 (64.8) | 274 (79.7) | |
| Female | 525 (25.0) | 101 (28.1) | 290 (23.9) | 64 (35.2) | 70 (20.4) | |
| US geographic region, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
| South | 770 (36.7) | 117 (32.5) | 476 (39.2) | 50 (27.5) | 127 (36.9) | |
| North Central | 485 (23.1) | 104 (28.9) | 233 (19.2) | 71 (39.0) | 77 (22.4) | |
| Northeast | 450 (21.4) | 67 (18.6) | 249 (20.5) | 39 (21.4) | 95 (27.6) | |
| West | 396 (18.9) | 72 (20.0) | 257 (21.2) | 22 (12.1) | 45 (13.1) | |
| Health plan type, n (%) | 0.068 | |||||
| PPO | 1066 (50.7) | 178 (49.4) | 632 (52.0) | 84 (46.2) | 172 (50.0) | |
| Comprehensive | 347 (16.5) | 61 (16.9) | 191 (15.7) | 43 (23.6) | 52 (15.1) | |
| HMO | 256 (12.2) | 47 (13.1) | 146 (12.0) | 18 (9.9) | 45 (13.1) | |
| POS | 177 (8.4) | 26 (7.2) | 110 (9.1) | 8 (4.4) | 33 (9.6) | |
| CDHP | 108 (5.1) | 20 (5.6) | 65 (5.4) | 12 (6.6) | 11 (3.2) | |
| Other types | 147 (7.0) | 28 (7.8) | 71 (5.8) | 17 (9.3) | 31 (9.0) | |
| CCI score (without cancer), mean (SD) | 3.7 (2.2) | 3.7 (2.1) | 3.8 (2.2) | 3.4 (2.2) | 3.7 (2.2) | 0.081 |
| CCI score group (without cancer), n (%) | 0.005 | |||||
| 0 | 26 (1.2) | 1 (0.3) | 11 (0.9) | 8 (4.4) | 6 (1.7) | |
| 1–2 | 730 (34.8) | 130 (36.1) | 407 (33.5) | 71 (39.0) | 122 (35.5) | |
| 3–4 | 553 (26.3) | 98 (27.2) | 321 (26.4) | 45 (24.7) | 89 (25.9) | |
| ≥5 | 792 (37.7) | 131 (36.4) | 476 (39.2) | 58 (31.9) | 127 (36.9) | |
| Follow-up duration (months), mean (SD) | 11.5 (11.2) | 13.3 (11.4) | 11.9 (11.6) | 7.4 (8.3) | 10.2 (10.0) | < 0.001 |
p-values are for the comparisons across all study cohorts.
CCI: Charlson comorbidity index; CDHP: Consumer driven health plan; HMO: Health maintenance organization; LRT: Locoregional therapy; POS: Point of service; PPO: Preferred provider organization; SD: Standard deviation.