Table 2. . Prevalence of comorbid conditions among the overall study population and study cohorts stratified by the type of the first locoregional therapy received.
| Comorbid condition, n (%) | Overall study population (n = 2101) | Ablative therapy (n = 360) | Embolization therapy (n = 1215) | Radiation therapy (n = 182) | Multiple LRTs (n = 344) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Liver related | ||||||
| Liver cirrhosis | 1627 (77.4) | 310 (86.1) | 973 (80.1) | 91 (50.0) | 253 (73.6) | < 0.001 |
| Chronic HCV infection | 1024 (48.7) | 188 (52.2) | 622 (51.2) | 53 (29.1) | 161 (46.8) | < 0.001 |
| Portal hypertension | 682 (32.5) | 126 (35.0) | 419 (34.5) | 37 (20.3) | 100 (29.1) | 0.001 |
| Chronic hepatitis | 300 (14.3) | 62 (17.2) | 167 (13.7) | 23 (12.6) | 48 (14.0) | 0.353 |
| Alcoholic cirrhosis | 209 (10.0) | 43 (11.9) | 119 (9.8) | 11 (6.0) | 36 (10.5) | 0.184 |
| Chronic HBV infection | 144 (6.9) | 26 (7.2) | 94 (7.7) | 3 (1.7) | 21 (6.1) | 0.022 |
| Liver fibrosis | 119 (5.7) | 18 (5.0) | 77 (6.3) | 6 (3.3) | 18 (5.2) | 0.340 |
| Nonalcoholic fatty liver | 100 (4.8) | 22 (6.1) | 53 (4.4) | 6 (3.3) | 19 (5.5) | 0.365 |
| Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis | 97 (4.6) | 20 (5.6) | 53 (4.4) | 6 (3.3) | 18 (5.2) | 0.590 |
| Hemochromatosis | 55 (2.6) | 6 (1.7) | 33 (2.7) | 5 (2.8) | 11 (3.2) | 0.617 |
| Alcoholic hepatitis | 22 (1.1) | 5 (1.4) | 11 (0.9) | 2 (1.1) | 4 (1.2) | 0.875 |
| Alcoholic fatty liver | 14 (0.7) | 3 (0.8) | 9 (0.7) | 1 (0.6) | 1 (0.3) | 0.795 |
| Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency | 7 (0.3) | 1 (0.3) | 5 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.3) | 0.829 |
| Wilson’s disease | 4 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.6) | 3 (0.9) | 0.005 |
| Cardiovascular and metabolic related | ||||||
| Overall cardiovascular disease | 1766 (84.1) | 289 (80.3) | 1017 (83.7) | 158 (86.8) | 302 (87.8) | 0.036 |
| Hypertension | 1317 (62.7) | 213 (59.2) | 746 (61.4) | 121 (66.5) | 237 (68.9) | 0.023 |
| Congestive heart failure | 154 (7.3) | 16 (4.4) | 92 (7.6) | 20 (11.0) | 26 (7.6) | 0.043 |
| Diabetes | 851 (40.5) | 135 (37.5) | 499 (41.1) | 65 (35.7) | 152 (44.2) | 0.159 |
| Obesity | 268 (12.8) | 41 (11.4) | 162 (13.3) | 20 (11.0) | 45 (13.1) | 0.680 |
| Metabolic syndrome | 6 (0.3) | 2 (0.6) | 4 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.474 |
| Bleeding related | ||||||
| Bleeding | 1456 (69.3) | 278 (77.2) | 840 (69.1) | 115 (63.2) | 223 (64.8) | 0.001 |
| Esophageal varices with bleeding | 95 (4.5) | 20 (5.6) | 60 (4.9) | 4 (2.2) | 11 (3.2) | 0.168 |
| Esophageal varices without bleeding | 522 (24.9) | 85 (23.6) | 331 (27.2) | 28 (15.4) | 78 (22.7) | 0.003 |
| Proteinuria | 29 (1.4) | 5 (1.4) | 12 (1.0) | 3 (1.7) | 9 (2.6) | 0.149 |
p-values are for the comparisons across all study cohorts.
HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; LRT: Locoregional therapy.