Boxplots of transcranial pulse wave velocity (PWV) in older controls, mild
cognitively impaired (MCI), and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) subjects (a) and
middle-age APOE4+, FH+ and controls (e.g. APOE4−, FH−) (b). PWV was
estimated from high temporal resolution images derived using a local
low-rank (LLR) reconstruction. A statistically higher transcranial PWV was
measured in AD (P < 0.001) and MCI
(P = 0.013) subjects when compared to age-matched controls.
The MCI group appeared to be in transition towards higher transcranial PWV,
while AD subjects showed the highest transcranial PWV in this cohort. MCI
and AD transcranial PWV were also significantly different
(P = 0.029). A statistically higher transcranial PWV
(P < 0.001) was measured in middle-age APOE4+, FH+
when compared to middle-aged control adults (APOE4−, FH−), suggesting early
vascular changes in subjects with APOE4+, FH+.