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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Jun 25;226:108886. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108886

Table 3.

Associations between co-occurring AUD, AUD severity and treatment type among OUD treatment episodes from 2011–2016.

Buprenorphine vs psychosocial only Methadone vs psychosocial only XR Naltrexone vs psychosocial only Oral Naltrexone vs psychosocial only
AOR (95% CI) AOR (95% CI) AOR (95% CI) AOR (95% CI)
Opioid Abuse (n=56,545)
Alcohol dependence 0.14 (0.13, 0.16)**** 0.21 (0.15, 0.28)**** 1.69 (1.36, 2.10)**** 2.18 (1.98, 2.41)****
Alcohol abuse 0.29 (0.25, 0.32)**** 0.25 (0.17, 0.36)**** 0.78 (0.54, 1.13) 1.48 (1.29, 1.69)****
No AUD Ref Ref Ref Ref
Opioid Dependence (n=154,502)
Alcohol dependence 0.47 (0.44, 0.49)**** 0.31 (0.28, 0.35)**** 1.36 (1.21, 1.54)**** 1.73 (1.57, 1.90)****
Alcohol abuse 0.65 (0.61, 0.69)**** 0.57 (0.51, 0.64)**** 0.95 (0.79, 1.15) 1.22 (1.05, 1.42)*
No AUD Ref Ref Ref Ref

AUD= alcohol use disorder; OUD= opioid use disorder; XR= extended-release; AOR=adjusted odds ratio; CI= confidence interval; SUD= substance use disorder.

Models adjusted for co-occurring substance use disorder, previous OUD diagnosis, psychiatric comorbidity, medical comorbidity as measured by Charlson comorbidity index, sex, age, and insurance-year cohort.

****

p<.0001.