Table 1.
Demographic, anthropometric and biochemical characteristics of participants
| Women, n=519 (436)* | Men, n=346 (429)* | Overall, n=865 (865)* | |
| Mean age (SD) (years) | 47.3 (16.2) | 46.4 (13.3) | 46.8 (14.8) |
| Number by age group in years | |||
| 25–44* | 222 (214) | 136 (224) | 358 (439) |
| 45–64* | 225 (164) | 147 (150) | 372 (314) |
| 65+* | 72 (57) | 63 (55) | 135 (113) |
| Anthropometry | |||
| Mean BMI (SD) (kg/m2) | 29.8 (8.2) | 26.4 (4.6) | 28.1 (6.7) |
| Mean waist circumference (SD) (cm) | 92.6 (16.1) | 90.0 (12.0) | 91.3 (14.1) |
| % BMI ≥25 kg/m2 | 73.9 (69.1 to 78.3) | 55.7 (48.3 to 62.8) | 64.9 (60.6 to 68.9) |
| % BMI ≥30 kg/m2 | 42.5 (37.7 to 47.4) | 22.3 (17.4 to 28.1) | 32.5 (28.8 to 36.4) |
| % IDF abdominal obesity | 80.1 (75.6 to 84.0) | 35.0 (27.9 to 42.8) | 57.7 (52.4 to 62.9) |
| % AHA/NHLBI abdominal obesity | 58.6 (54.1 to 63.0) | 18.0 (13.6 to 23.3) | 38.4 (34.4 to 42.6) |
| Measures of glycemia | |||
| Mean fasting plasma glucose (SD) (mmol/L) | 5.3 (1.4) | 5.2 (0.8) | 5.3 (1.1) |
| Mean HbA1c (SD) (%) | 5.8 (0.8) | 5.7 (0.4) | 5.7 (0.6) |
| Mean HbA1c (SD) (mmol/mol) | 40 (8.7) | 39 (4.4) | 39 (6.6) |
| Hyperglycemia (ADA categories) | |||
| % fasting plasma glucose ≥5.6 mmol/L | 21.1 (16.8 to 26.2) | 22.6 (18.2 to 27.7) | 21.9 (18.8 to 25.3) |
| % HbA1c ≥5.7% (39 mmol/mol) | 58.9 (54.6 to 63.0) | 49.4 (42.9 to 55.9) | 54.2 (50.1 to 58.1) |
| % total hyperglycemia | 63.5 (59.2 to 67.7) | 54.3 (47.3 to 61.1) | 58.9 (54.7 to 63.0) |
| Hyperglycemia (WHO categories) | |||
| % fasting plasma glucose ≥6.1 mmol/L | 9.8 (6.8 to 14.0) | 9.8 (7.0 to 13.6) | 9.8 (7.6 to 12.6) |
| % HbA1c ≥ 6.0% (42 mmol/mol) | 27.6 (23.2 to 32.5) | 21.8 (17.6 to 26.5) | 24.7 (21.6 to 28.1) |
| % total hyperglycemia | 29.7 (24.9 to 35.0) | 25.2 (20.4 to 30.6) | 27.5 (24.0 to 31.3) |
*Number of participants: numbers in brackets are weighted values as described in the text. Prevalence is given as point estimates with 95% CIs.
ADA, American Diabetes Association; AHA, American Heart Association; BMI, body mass index; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; IDF, International Diabetes Federation; NHLBI, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; WHO, World Health Organization.